ArticleBlood2005
Azidothymidine inhibits NF-kappaB and induces Epstein-Barr virus gene expression in Burkitt lymphoma.
Article in Blood, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Withaferin A inhibits EBV-driven lymphomagenesis through multiple mechanisms, including EBNA1 degradation.Blood · 2026Article
- A novel m7G-related lncRNA risk model for predicting prognosis and evaluating the tumor immune microenvironment in colon carcinoma.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Lytic Induction Therapy against Epstein-Barr Virus-Associated Malignancies: Past, Present, and Future.Cancers · 2020Review
- Extra-telomeric functions of telomerase in the pathogenesis of Epstein-Barr virus-driven B-cell malignancies and potential therapeutic implications.Infectious agents and cancer · 2018Review
- NF-κB signaling pathway and its potential as a target for therapy in lymphoid neoplasms.Blood reviews · 2017Review
- Epstein-Barr Virus Infection of Mammary Epithelial Cells Promotes Malignant Transformation.EBioMedicine · 2016Article
- Identification of Epstein-Barr Virus Replication Proteins in Burkitt's Lymphoma Cells.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2015Article
- Article
- Article
- Zidovudine-based lytic-inducing chemotherapy for Epstein-Barr virus-related lymphomas.Leukemia & lymphoma · 2014Article
- Epstein-Barr virus and telomerase: from cell immortalization to therapy.Infectious agents and cancer · 2014Article
- Epstein-Barr virus deubiquitinase downregulates TRAF6-mediated NF-κB signaling during productive replication.Journal of virology · 2013Article
- Review
- HIV infection, aging, and immune function: implications for cancer risk and prevention.Current opinion in oncology · 2012Review
- Newly emerging therapies targeting viral-related lymphomas.Current oncology reports · 2011Review
- Inhibition of NF-κB activation sensitizes U937 cells to 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine induced apoptosis.Cell death & disease · 2010Article
- Efficacy of bortezomib in a direct xenograft model of primary effusion lymphoma.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2010Article
- Maribavir inhibits epstein-barr virus transcription in addition to viral DNA replication.Journal of virology · 2009Article
- General and target-specific RNA binding properties of Epstein-Barr virus SM posttranscriptional regulatory protein.Journal of virology · 2009Article
- Burkitt lymphoma in Brazil is characterized by geographically distinct clinicopathologic features.American journal of clinical pathology · 2008Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The antiviral compound azidothymidine (AZT), alone or in combination with other agents, induces apoptosis in early-passage, Epstein-Barr virus-positive Burkitt lymphoma (EBV+ BL) lines and has clinical activity in EBV+ BL. We report here a mechanism of AZT's antitumor activity. The nuclei of these cells contain activated nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) subunits p50, c-Rel, RelB, and p52, but not p65. Treatment of primary EBV+ BL lines with AZT inhibited NF-kappaB within 1 to 2 hours. This was followed by up-regulation of EBV gene expression including viral thymidine kinase (vTK) and apoptosis. Subclones of EBV+ BL cells that demonstrated activated p65 were resistant to AZT. In EBV+ BLs, AZT but not ganciclovir (GCV) was highly phosphorylated to its monophosphate form (AZT-MP). Phosphorylation, as well as apoptosis, was markedly enhanced in the presence of hydroxyurea. AZT inhibits NF-kappaB and up-regulates EBV gene expression in primary EBV+ BLs. AZT with hydroxyurea may represent an inexpensive, targeted regimen for endemic BL.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.