ArticleInfection and immunity2005
Melanization of Cryptococcus neoformans affects lung inflammatory responses during cryptococcal infection.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 94 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Characterization of a High-Affinity Copper Transporter in the White-Nose Syndrome Causing Fungal PathogenbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Mechanisms and Virulence Factors ofJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Quantitative analysis of septin Cdc10 & Cdc3-associated proteome during stress response in the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans.PloS one · 2024Article
- Measuring Laccase Activity and Melanin Production in Cryptococcus neoformans.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Genotyping Analysis ofJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
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- Deciphering the Association among Pathogenicity, Production and Polymorphisms of Capsule/Melanin in Clinical Isolates ofJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Antifungal activity of liriodenine on clinical strains ofThe journal of venomous animals and toxins including tropical diseases · 2022Article
- Effects of cigarette smoke extract on bronchial epithelial cells stimulated with Cryptococcus neoformans.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2021Article
- Fungal Melanin and the Mammalian Immune System.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
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- Wor1-regulated ferroxidases contribute to pigment formation in opaque cells of Candida albicans.FEBS open bio · 2021Article
- Pleiotropy and epistasis within and between signaling pathways defines the genetic architecture of fungal virulence.PLoS genetics · 2021Article
- Unraveling the roles of vitamin D status and melanin during Covid‑19 (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The production of melanin pigments is associated with virulence for many microbes. Melanin is believed to contribute to microbial virulence by protecting microbial cells from oxidative attack during infection. However, there is also evidence from various systems that melanins have immunomodulatory properties, which conceivably could contribute to virulence by altering immune responses. To investigate the effect of melanin on the immune response, we compared the murine pulmonary responses to infection with melanized and nonmelanized Cryptococcus neoformans cells. Infection with melanized cells resulted in a greater fungal burden during the early stages of infection and was associated with higher levels of interleukin-4 and MCP-1 and greater numbers of infiltrating leukocytes. Infection with laccase-positive (melanotic) C. neoformans cells also elicited higher MCP-1 levels and more infiltrating leukocytes than did infection with laccase-negative cells. Melanization interfered with phagocytosis in vivo for encapsulated C. neoformans but not for nonencapsulated cells. The results provide strong evidence that cryptococcal melanization can influence the immune response to infection and suggest that immunomodulation is an additional mechanism by which the pigment contributes to virulence.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.