ReviewImmunologic research2005
Understanding sex biases in immunity: effects of estrogen on the differentiation and function of antigen-presenting cells.
Review in Immunologic research, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 170 citations in OpenAlex.
- Helicobacter pylori infection and gender: a meta-analysis of population-based prevalence surveys.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2006Pooled it
- Hormone therapy enhances anti-PD1 efficacy in premenopausal estrogen receptor-positive and HER2-negative advanced breast cancer.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Trial
- Adjuvanted HIV-1 vaccine promotes antibody-dependent phagocytic responses and protects against heterologous SHIV challenge.PLoS pathogens · 2020Trial
- Influenza vaccination in patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis: efficacy and safety.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2012Trial
- Exploring the Impact of a High-Fat Diet on Brain Homeostasis: A Comprehensive Analysis of the Absence of Inflammation.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2025Article
- Anthropometric and metabolic assessment in adults with Down syndrome: the need for novel indices and tailored criteria.Turkish journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- A landscape of X-inactivation during human T cell development.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Sex difference in human diseases: mechanistic insights and clinical implications.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- The first involved joints and associated factors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Archives of rheumatology · 2024Article
- Sex hormones and allergies: exploring the gender differences in immune responses.Frontiers in allergy · 2024Review
- Article
- Sex differences in cardiovascular response to sepsis.American journal of physiology. Cell physiology · 2023Review
- Conditional knockout of oestrogen receptor alpha in CD11cImmunology · 2022Article
- Article
- Sex differences in normal and malignant hematopoiesis.Blood science (Baltimore, Md.) · 2022Review
- Review
- Immune receptor toll-like receptor 4 contributes to stress-induced affective responses in a sex-specific manner.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2021Article
- Characterization of Immune Cells in Oral Tissues of Non-human Primates.Frontiers in oral health · 2021Article
- Estradiol Enhances Antiviral CD4Journal of virology · 2020Article
- Mechanisms of sex hormones in autoimmunity: focus on EAE.Biology of sex differences · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The initiation and perpetuation of innate and adaptive immunity is dependent on the ability of professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) to sense inflammatory stimuli; produce cytokines; and internalize, degrade, and present antigens via surface major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. Dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages, and B lymphocytes express estrogen receptors, indicating that the steroid sex hormone estrogen might directly modulate the function of these cells during immune responses. Sex-specific parameters of immune function have been identified during autoimmunity and the pathogenesis of infectious disease, which show sex biases in their incidence and manifestation; female immunity also varies as estrogen levels change. In this article, we summarize studies that demonstrate effects of estrogen on the differentiation or function of APCs in model in vitro systems, or under circumstances of natural or imposed variation in estrogen levels in vivo.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.