ReviewAnnual review of immunology2005
How neutrophils kill microbes.
Review in Annual review of immunology, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 698 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
698 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,762 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comprehensive analysis of regulated cell death pathways: intrinsic disorder, protein-protein interactions, and cross-pathway communication.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2025Pooled it
- A systematic review on neutrophils interactions with titanium and zirconia surfaces: Evidence from in vitro studies.Clinical and experimental dental research · 2022Pooled it
- LF-EMF Compound Block Type Signal Activates Human Neutrophilic Granulocytes In Vivo.Bioelectromagnetics · 2022Trial
- Dodonaea viscosa in Breast Cancer: Phytochemistry, Anticancer Mechanisms, and Emerging Immunotherapeutic and Translational Perspectives.Cancer medicine · 2026Review
- Culturing neutrophils from human CD34STAR protocols · 2026Article
- A non-bactericidal antimicrobial peptide provides protective effect against bacterial sepsis via regulation of antimicrobial immunity and vascular endothelial functions.Zoological research · 2026Article
- Protective role of rosmarinic acid against radiation-induced dermatitis: focus on oxidative stress and inflammation.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2026Article
- Review
- Differential Regulation of Oxidative Burst by First Line Drugs Used Against Multi Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Naïve Human Innate Immune Cells.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Upregulation of mScience China. Life sciences · 2026Article
- Experimental protothecosis in a murine model.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Neutrophil Heterogeneity: Molecules to Cellular Behavior.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Early diagnosis of bloodstream infections by Neutrophil-Reactive Intensity (NEUT-RI): a retrospective analysis.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026Article
- RABEP1 regulates neutrophil migration via endosomal recycling and actin polymerization.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2026Article
- Neutrophil heterogeneity in Kawasaki disease and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children.Pediatric research · 2026Review
- Scar Inhibition in Wound Healing: Mechanisms, Design, and Recent Advances.Exploration (Beijing, China) · 2026Review
- Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Novel Mechanisms Underlying Neutrophil Activation Induced by High Salt.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Pharmacological inhibition of host pathways enhances macrophage killing of intracellular bacterial pathogens.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Dual anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of clove essential oil and eugenol: targeting neutrophil functions and experimental arthritis.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Article
- Inhalation of N-Chlorotaurine Is an Effective Treatment of <italic>Aspergillus fumigatus</italic> Pneumonia in Mice.Journal of innate immunity · 2026Article
638 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Neutrophils provide the first line of defense of the innate immune system by phagocytosing, killing, and digesting bacteria and fungi. Killing was previously believed to be accomplished by oxygen free radicals and other reactive oxygen species generated by the NADPH oxidase, and by oxidized halides produced by myeloperoxidase. We now know this is incorrect. The oxidase pumps electrons into the phagocytic vacuole, thereby inducing a charge across the membrane that must be compensated. The movement of compensating ions produces conditions in the vacuole conducive to microbial killing and digestion by enzymes released into the vacuole from the cytoplasmic granules.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.