ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2005
Genetic analysis reveals the complex structure of HIV-1 transmission within defined risk groups.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 131 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
131 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Advances in research of HIV transmission networks.Chinese medical journal · 2020Pooled it
- Phylogenetics and molecular evolution to understand and curb the HIV pandemic.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- Time-varying reproductive number estimation for practical application in structured populations.Epidemiologic methods · 2025Article
- New Approach to Privacy-Preserving Clinical Decision Support Systems for HIV Treatment.Journal of medical systems · 2022Article
- Transmission Clusters, Predominantly Associated With Men Who Have Sex With Men, Play a Main Role in the Propagation of HIV-1 in Northern Spain (2013-2018).Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Dissemination Dynamics of HIV-1 Subtype B Pandemic and Non-pandemic Lineages Circulating in Amazonas, Brazil.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Molecular Epidemiology and Transmission Dynamics of the HIV-1 Epidemic in Ethiopia: Epidemic Decline Coincided With Behavioral Interventions Before ART Scale-Up.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Using molecular transmission networks to understand the epidemic characteristics of HIV-1 CRF08_BC across China.Emerging microbes & infections · 2021Article
- Sorting by Race/Ethnicity Across HIV Genetic Transmission Networks in Three Major Metropolitan Areas in the United States.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2021Article
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Drug Resistance, Phylogenetic Analysis, and Superinfection Among Men Who Have Sex with Men and Transgender Women in Sub-Saharan Africa: HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) 075 Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Article
- The Relationship Between the Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Transmission Network and the HIV Care Continuum in Los Angeles County.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Article
- PIQMEE: Bayesian Phylodynamic Method for Analysis of Large Data Sets with Duplicate Sequences.Molecular biology and evolution · 2020Article
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Phylodynamics to Detect and Characterize Active Transmission Clusters in North Carolina.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Pretreatment HIV drug resistance spread within transmission clusters in Mexico City.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2020Article
- Phylogenetics applied to the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1): from the cross-species transmissions to the contact network inferences.Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz · 2020Article
- Epidemiological and Molecular Characteristics of HIV-1 Infection in a Sample of Men Who Have Sex With Men in Brazil: Phylogeography of Major Subtype B and F1 Transmission Clusters.Frontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
- HIV co-infection is associated with increased transmission risk in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus.Journal of viral hepatitis · 2019Article
- Reconstructing the Dissemination Dynamics of the Major HIV-1 Subtype B Non-Pandemic Lineage Circulating in Brazil.Viruses · 2019Article
- A latent class approach to identify multi-risk profiles associated with phylogenetic clustering of recent hepatitis C virus infection in Australia and New Zealand from 2004 to 2015.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2019Article
- Phylogeographic Analyses Reveal the Early Expansion and Frequent Bidirectional Cross-Border Transmissions of Non-pandemic HIV-1 Subtype B Strains in Hispaniola.Frontiers in microbiology · 2019Article
71 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
We explored the epidemic history of HIV-1 subtype B in the United Kingdom by using statistical methods that infer the population history of pathogens from sampled gene sequence data. Phylogenetic analysis of HIV-1 pol gene sequences from Britain showed at least six large transmission chains, indicating a genetically variable, but epidemiologically homogeneous, epidemic among men having sex with men. Through coalescent-based analysis, we showed that these chains arose through separate introductions of subtype B strains into the United Kingdom in the early to mid-1980s. After an initial period of exponential growth, the rate of spread generally slowed in the early 1990s, which is more likely to correlate with behavior change than with reduced infectiousness resulting from highly active antiretroviral therapy. Our results provide insights into the complexity of HIV-1 epidemics that must be considered when developing HIV monitoring and prevention initiatives.
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