ReviewLipids2004
n-3 fatty acids, inflammation, and immunity--relevance to postsurgical and critically ill patients.
Review in Lipids, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 44 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Efficacy & Safety of SmofKabiven Peripheral vs Compounded Emulsion: A Randomized, Active-Controlled, Open-Labelled, Multi-Centre Study in Adult Surgical Patients Requiring Parenteral Nutrition
Efficacy & Safety of SmofKabiven Emulsion for Infusion vs Hospital Compounded "All in One" for Parenteral Nutrition (PN): A Randomized, Active-Controlled, Patient-blinded, Multi-Centre Study in Adult Surgical Patients Requiring PN
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 158 citations in OpenAlex.
- Long-term outcomes after perioperative treatment with omega-3 fatty acid supplements in colorectal cancer.BJS open · 2020Trial
- Effect of Immune-Enhancing Enteral Nutrition Enriched with or without Beta-Glucan on Immunomodulation in Critically Ill Patients.Nutrients · 2016Trial
- Erythrocyte linoleic acid, but not oleic acid, is associated with improvements in body composition in men and women.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2016Trial
- Trial
- An un-commissioned randomized, placebo-controlled double-blind study to test the effect of deep sea fish oil as a pain reliever for dogs suffering from canine OA.BMC veterinary research · 2012Trial
- Omega-3 supplementation lowers inflammation and anxiety in medical students: a randomized controlled trial.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2011Trial
- Trial
- Blunting the response to endotoxin in healthy subjects: effects of various doses of intravenous fish oil.Intensive care medicine · 2010Trial
- Fish oil after abdominal aorta aneurysm surgery.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2008Trial
- Intravenous fish oil blunts the physiological response to endotoxin in healthy subjects.Intensive care medicine · 2007Trial
- Short-term duodenal seal oil administration normalised n-6 to n-3 fatty acid ratio in rectal mucosa and ameliorated bodily pain in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.Lipids in health and disease · 2006Trial
- Anesthesia, analgesia, and immunonutrition in perioperative immune homeostasis: a focused mini review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Development and Evaluation of a Stable Oil-in-Water Emulsion with High Ostrich Oil Concentration for Skincare Applications.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The effect of low dietary inflammatory index score formula on inflammatory, metabolic, and clinical outcomes in critically ill traumatic brain injury patients: A single-blind randomized controlled pilot study.Food science & nutrition · 2023Article
- Metabolic Support in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Plasma metabolic profiling implicates dysregulated lipid metabolism and glycolytic shift in hyperinflammatory ARDS.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2023Article
- Impact of health and lifestyle food supplements on periodontal tissues and health.Periodontology 2000 · 2022Review
- Docosahexaenoic acid inhibits TNF-α-induced osteoclast formation and orthodontic tooth movement through GPR120.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Article
- Influence of Feeding Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids to Broiler Breeders on Indices of Immunocompetence, Gastrointestinal, and Skeletal Development in Broiler Chickens.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Excessive or inappropriate inflammation and immunosuppression are components of the response to surgery, trauma, injury, and infection in some individuals and these can lead, progressively, to sepsis and septic shock. The hyperinflammation is characterized by the production of inflammatory cytokines, arachidonic acid-derived eicosanoids, and other inflammatory mediators, while the immunosuppression is characterized by impairment of antigen presentation and of T helper cell type-1 responses. Long-chain n-3 FA from fish oil decrease the production of inflammatory cytokines and eicosanoids. They act both directly (by replacing arachidonic acid as an eicosanoid substrate and by inhibiting arachidonic acid metabolism) and indirectly (by altering the expression of inflammatory genes through effects on transcription factor activation). Thus, long-chain n-3 FA are potentially useful anti-inflammatory agents and may be of benefit in patients at risk of developing sepsis. As such, an emerging application of n-3 FA is in surgical or critically ill patients where they may be added to parenteral or enteral formulas. Parenteral or enteral nutrition including n-3 FA appears to preserve immune function better than standard formulas and appears to partly prevent some aspects of the inflammatory response. Studies to date are suggestive of clinical benefits from these approaches, especially in postsurgical patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.