ArticleNucleic acids research2005
Translation of the first upstream ORF in the hepatitis B virus pregenomic RNA modulates translation at the core and polymerase initiation codons.
Article in Nucleic acids research, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- The diverse functions of viral microproteins.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Insight into the Biology of Hepatitis B Virus and Recent Therapeutic Approaches.Current microbiology · 2026Review
- HLA-DQB1*03:01 and risk of HBV-related HCC.Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) · 2026Article
- Anticodon Engineered Transfer RNA (tRNAAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Hepatitis B Virus Nucleocapsid Assembly.Journal of molecular biology · 2025Review
- Pan-viral ORFs discovery using massively parallel ribosome profiling.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- The 5'UTR of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus strain JXwn06 harbors a uORF that regulates cellular inflammation.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- Article
- Host-like RNA Elements Regulate Virus Translation.Viruses · 2024Review
- RNA binding protein TIAR modulates HBV replication by tipping the balance of pgRNA translation.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2023Article
- azyx-1 is a new gene that overlaps with zyxin and affects its translation in C. elegans, impacting muscular integrity and locomotion.PLoS biology · 2023Article
- [The mechanisms of the translation of polymerase from HBV pregenomic RNA].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2021Review
- Review
- In Vivo Model Systems for Hepatitis B Virus Research.ACS infectious diseases · 2019Review
- Development of Direct-acting Antiviral and Host-targeting Agents for Treatment of Hepatitis B Virus Infection.Gastroenterology · 2019Review
- Viral Short ORFs and Their Possible Functions.Proteomics · 2018Review
- Ribosome Shunting, Polycistronic Translation, and Evasion of Antiviral Defenses in Plant Pararetroviruses and Beyond.Frontiers in microbiology · 2018Review
- Article
- Hepatitis B virus nuclear export elements: RNA stem-loop α and β, key parts of the HBV post-transcriptional regulatory element.RNA biology · 2016Review
- Engineering Hepadnaviruses as Reporter-Expressing Vectors: Recent Progress and Future Perspectives.Viruses · 2016Review
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The human hepatitis B virus (HBV) has a compact genome encoding four major overlapping coding regions: the core, polymerase, surface and X. The polymerase initiation codon is preceded by the partially overlapping core and four or more upstream initiation codons. There is evidence that several mechanisms are used to enable the synthesis of the polymerase protein, including leaky scanning and ribosome reinitiation. We have examined the first AUG in the pregenomic RNA, it precedes that of the core. It initiates an uncharacterized short upstream open reading frame (uORF), highly conserved in all HBV subtypes, we designated the C0 ORF. This arrangement suggested that expression of the core and polymerase may be affected by this uORF. Initiation at the C0 ORF was confirmed in reporter constructs in transfected cells. The C0 ORF had an inhibitory role in downstream expression from the core initiation site in HepG2 cells and in vitro, but also stimulated reinitiation at the polymerase start when in an optimal context. Our results indicate that the C0 ORF is a determinant in balancing the synthesis of the core and polymerase proteins.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.