ArticleBlood2005
An inducible caspase 9 safety switch for T-cell therapy.
Article in Blood, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 461 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
461 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 723 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mapping the clinical landscape of multifunctional CAR T cells: Targets, trends, and synergies.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2026Pooled it
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- Cytokine-independent activation of STAT5 promotes the persistence and function of CD4Molecular therapy. Advances · 2026Article
- Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy for solid tumors in pediatric patients: current breakthroughs, dilemmas, and strategies.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2026Review
- The evolving role of cytokines for CAR-T cell manufacturing and beyond.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026Review
- CAR-T cell therapy: potential for paediatric brain tumours-an update.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2026Review
- CAR-T and TIL therapies in solid tumors: barriers, clinical lessons, and convergent solutions.Cancer cell international · 2026Review
- A guide to CAR T cell therapies: development, current status and future prospects.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Genetic Code Expanded T Cell for Controllable Immunotherapy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Advances and challenges in CAR-T cell therapy for breast cancer: from molecular design to clinical application.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2026Review
- Protocol for the generation of DDT signaling reporter cell line for CRISPR screening.STAR protocols · 2026Article
- Cellular immunotherapy in melanoma: the next frontier in cancer treatment.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2026Review
- Transcriptional and functional profiling reveals unique activation of Adapter CAR T cells in acute myeloid leukemia.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Single-cell gain-of-function mapping reveals latent regulatory programs governing CD8Research square · 2026Article
- Structure-Function Insights into Immune Receptors Drive Innovation in CAR-T Cell Therapy.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- De novo design of a macrocycle-induced dimerization system for cellular control.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Characterization of a Cytokine-Independent STAT5 Activator.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Article
- De novo design of a macrocycle induced dimerization system for cellular control.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The Evolving Landscape of CAR T-Cell Therapy in Autoimmune Diseases: A State-of-the-Art Review (2025).Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026Review
401 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The efficacy of adoptive T-cell therapy as treatment for malignancies may be enhanced by genetic modification of infused cells. However, oncogenic events due to vector/transgene integration, and toxicities due to the infused cells themselves, have tempered enthusiasm. A safe and efficient means of removing aberrant cells in vivo would ameliorate these concerns. We describe a "safety switch" that can be stably and efficiently expressed in human T cells without impairing phenotype, function, or antigen specificity. This reagent is based on a modified human caspase 9 fused to a human FK506 binding protein (FKBP) to allow conditional dimerization using a small molecule pharmaceutical. A single 10-nM dose of synthetic dimerizer drug induces apoptosis in 99% of transduced cells selected for high transgene expression in vitro and in vivo. This system has several advantages over currently available suicide genes. First, it consists of human gene products with low potential immunogenicity. Second, administration of dimerizer drug has no effects other than the selective elimination of transduced T cells. Third, inducible caspase 9 maintains function in T cells overexpressing antiapoptotic molecules. These characteristics favor incorporation of inducible caspase 9 as a safety feature in human T-cell therapies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.