ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2005
Polar nuclear localization of H1T2, a histone H1 variant, required for spermatid elongation and DNA condensation during spermiogenesis.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 89 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
89 citing papers in PubMed, 208 citations in OpenAlex.
- Higher-order genome architecture of spermatids guides chromatin assembly in mature sperm.Research square · 2026Article
- The eutherian-specific histone H3.4 promotes germ cell development and reproductive fitness.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Dissecting the development of bovine testicular tissue using spatial transcriptomics.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Proteomic Analysis of Histone Sequence Variants and Post-translationally Modified Forms.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Dynamic architecture of mammalian paternal chromatin: histone-to-protamine exchange and post-fertilization reprogramming.Epigenetics & chromatin · 2025Review
- Epigenetic regulation by DNA methylation, histone modifications and chromatin remodeling complexes in controlling spermatogenesis and their dysfunction with male infertility.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2025Review
- Linker H1 Histone Direct Top-Down Proteoform Analysis.Journal of proteome research · 2025Article
- Unveiling the reproductive risks of PFOS: testicular proteome disruption and hormonal imbalance in male rats†.Biology of reproduction · 2025Article
- Fam170a deficiency causes male infertility by impairing histone-to-protamine exchange during mouse spermiogenesis.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Casting histone variants during mammalian reproduction.Chromosoma · 2023Review
- Emerging evidence that the mammalian sperm epigenome serves as a template for embryo development.Nature communications · 2023Review
- Actin-related protein ACTL7B ablation leads to OAT with multiple morphological abnormalities of the flagellum and male infertility in mice†.Biology of reproduction · 2023Article
- A rapidly evolving single copy histone H1 variant is associated with male fertility in a parasitoid wasp.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Article
- Various gene modification techniques to discover molecular targets for nonhormonal male contraceptives: A review.International journal of reproductive biomedicine · 2023Review
- Selective chemical tracking of Dnmt1 catalytic activity in live cells.Molecular cell · 2022Article
- The Art of Packaging the Sperm Genome: Molecular and Structural Basis of the Histone-To-Protamine Exchange.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- Idiopathic Infertility as a Feature of Genome Instability.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Mouse EWSR1 is crucial for spermatid post-meiotic transcription and spermiogenesis.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2021Article
- The tumour suppressor brain tumour (Brat) regulates linker histone dBigH1 expression in theOpen biology · 2021Article
- The dark side of histones: genomic organization and role of oncohistones in cancer.Clinical epigenetics · 2021Review
29 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Spermiogenesis entails a major biochemical and morphological restructuring of the germ cell involving replacement of the somatic histones by protamines packing the DNA into the condensed spermatid nucleus and elimination of the cytoplasm during the elongation phase. We describe H1T2, an histone H1 variant selectively and transiently expressed in male haploid germ cells during spermiogenesis. In round and elongating spermatids, H1T2 specifically localizes to a chromatin domain at the apical pole, revealing a polarity in the spermatid nucleus. Inactivation by homologous recombination shows that H1T2 is critical for spermiogenesis as male H1t2(-/-) mice have greatly reduced fertility. Analysis of spermiogenesis in H1t2 mutant mice shows delayed nuclear condensation and aberrant elongation. As a result, mutant spermatids are characterized by the presence of residual cytoplasm, acrosome detachment, and fragmented DNA. Hence, H1T2 is a protein required for proper cell restructuring and DNA condensation during the elongation phase of spermiogenesis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.