ArticleJournal of virology2005
Human endogenous retrovirus HERV-K14 families: status, variants, evolution, and mobilization of other cellular sequences.
Article in Journal of virology, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- A comprehensive annotation of conserved protein domains in human endogenous retroviruses.NAR genomics and bioinformatics · 2026Article
- Mutation Rate Variation and Other Challenges in 2-LTR Dating of Primate Endogenous Retrovirus Integrations.Journal of molecular evolution · 2025Review
- Comprehensive Identification and Characterization of HML-9 Group in Chimpanzee Genome.Viruses · 2024Article
- HervD Atlas: a curated knowledgebase of associations between human endogenous retroviruses and diseases.Nucleic acids research · 2024Article
- Comprehensive characterization of ERV-K (HML-8) in the chimpanzee genome revealed less genomic activity than humans.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- Comprehensive identification and characterization of the HERV-K (HML-9) group in the human genome.Retrovirology · 2022Article
- HERV-K(HML7) Integrations in the Human Genome: Comprehensive Characterization and Comparative Analysis in Non-Human Primates.Biology · 2021Article
- Review
- Article
- Origin and recent expansion of an endogenous gammaretroviral lineage in domestic and wild canids.Retrovirology · 2019Article
- Retrotransposons in the development and progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry · 2019Review
- Degradation and remobilization of endogenous retroviruses by recombination during the earliest stages of a germ-line invasion.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2018Article
- HERV-W group evolutionary history in non-human primates: characterization of ERV-W orthologs in Catarrhini and related ERV groups in Platyrrhini.BMC evolutionary biology · 2018Article
- An Evolutionarily Young Polar Bear (Ursus maritimus) Endogenous Retrovirus Identified from Next Generation Sequence Data.Viruses · 2015Article
- Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) induces human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) transcription.Retrovirology · 2013Article
- HERV-K(HML-2), the Best Preserved Family of HERVs: Endogenization, Expression, and Implications in Health and Disease.Frontiers in oncology · 2013Review
- Article
- Article
- Impact of endogenous intronic retroviruses on major histocompatibility complex class II diversity and stability.Journal of virology · 2008Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The human genome harbors many distinct families of human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) that stem from exogenous retroviruses that infected the germ line millions of years ago. Many HERV families remain to be investigated. We report in the present study the detailed characterization of the HERV-K14I and HERV-K14CI families as they are represented in the human genome. Most of the 68 HERV-K14I and 23 HERV-K14CI proviruses are severely mutated, frequently displaying uniform deletions of retroviral genes and long terminal repeats (LTRs). Both HERV families entered the germ line approximately 39 million years ago, as evidenced by homologous sequences in hominoids and Old World primates and calculation of evolutionary ages based on a molecular clock. Proviruses of both families were formed during a brief period. A majority of HERV-K14CI proviruses on the Y chromosome mimic a higher evolutionary age, showing that LTR-LTR divergence data can indicate false ages. Fully translatable consensus sequences encoding major retroviral proteins were generated. Most HERV-K14I loci lack an env gene and are structurally reminiscent of LTR retrotransposons. A minority of HERV-K14I variants display an env gene. HERV-K14I proviruses are associated with three distinct LTR families, while HERV-K14CI is associated with a single LTR family. Hybrid proviruses consisting of HERV-K14I and HERV-W sequences that appear to have produced provirus progeny in the genome were detected. Several HERV-K14I proviruses harbor TRPC6 mRNA portions, exemplifying mobilization of cellular transcripts by HERVs. Our analysis contributes essential information on two more HERV families and on the biology of HERV sequences in general.
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