ArticleAnnals of the rheumatic diseases2005
Increased circulating levels of tissue kallikrein in systemic sclerosis correlate with microvascular involvement.
Article in Annals of the rheumatic diseases, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pan-disease blood protein profiles of rheumatic autoimmune diseases.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- Similarities between COVID-19 and systemic sclerosis early vasculopathy: A "viral" challenge for future research in scleroderma.Autoimmunity reviews · 2021Review
- Transforming growth factor β--at the centre of systemic sclerosis.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2014Review
- Mechanisms in the loss of capillaries in systemic sclerosis: angiogenesis versus vasculogenesis.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2010Review
- Vascular disease in scleroderma.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2009Review
- Current concepts in normal and defective angiogenesis: implications for systemic sclerosis.Current rheumatology reports · 2007Review
- [Capillaroscopy and rheumatic diseases: state of the art].Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie · 2006Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIn systemic sclerosis (SSc) the lack of an angiogenic response to hypoxia may be due to inappropriate synthesis of angiogenic and angiostatic factors. Tissue kallikrein (t-kallikrein), regulating the kallikrein-kinin system and acting on the microcirculation, is a potent angiogenic agent, and kallistatin is its natural inhibitor.
objectiveTo evaluate, in patients with SSc, t-kallikrein and kallistatin levels and their correlation with clinical features and measures of microvascular involvement. PATIENTS AND
methodsSerum levels of t-kallikrein and kallistatin (ELISA) and t-kallikrein skin expression (immunohistochemistry) were studied in patients with SSc, and evaluated for subset (dSSc or lSSc), clinical and immunological features, and microvascular involvement (ulcers, telangiectasias, nailfold videocapillaroscopy).
resultsCirculating levels of t-kallikrein were higher in SSc than in controls (p<0.001). T-kallikrein did not differ between lSSc and dSSc, although it was higher in lSSc than in controls (p<0.001).T-kallikrein levels were higher in patients with early and active capillaroscopic pattern than in those with late pattern (p = 0.019 and 0.023). Patients with giant capillaries and capillary microhaemorrhages had higher t-kallikrein concentrations than patients with architectural derangement (p = 0.04). No differences in kallistatin levels were detected between patients with SSc and controls, or between lSSc and dSSc. In early SSc skin, the presence of t-kallikrein was found in endothelial and in perivascular inflammatory cells, while no staining in skin of advanced SSc was detected.
conclusionT-kallikrein levels are increased in patients with SSc, particularly in lSSc, and are associated with early and active capillaroscopic patterns. T-kallikrein may play a part in SSc microvascular changes.
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