ArticleApplied and environmental microbiology2005
Use of ethidium monoazide and PCR in combination for quantification of viable and dead cells in complex samples.
Article in Applied and environmental microbiology, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 107 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
107 citing papers in PubMed, 387 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of a synbiotic yogurt on levels of fecal bifidobacteria, clostridia, and enterobacteria.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2012Trial
- Enumeration and Genomic Confirmation of Viable Shiga-Toxin-ProducingPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- A photoactivation-free viability PCR reagent for rapid, culture-independent detection of live bacteria.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Spontaneous fermentation of raisin water to form wine.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Detection of Murine Norovirus on Fresh Produce Through a CRISPR/Cas13a RNase-Based Capsid Integrity Assay.Food and environmental virology · 2025Article
- PMA-qPCR to quantify viable cells in multispecies oral biofilm after disinfectant treatments.Biofilm · 2025Article
- Detection of Live Shiga Toxin-ProducingInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Development of real-time PCR methods for quality control detection of pathogenic bacteria in cosmetic preparations.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Evaluating phage lytic activity: from plaque assays to single-cell technologies.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Effects of cosmetic ingredients on growth and virulence factor expression inAIMS microbiology · 2025Article
- Viral and thermal lysis facilitates transmission of antibiotic resistance genes during composting.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2024Article
- Advances in aptamer-based biosensors for monitoring foodborne pathogens.Journal of food science and technology · 2024Review
- Improving the Efficiency of Viability-qPCR with Lactic Acid Enhancer for the Selective Detection of Live Pathogens in Foods.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Contamination of liposomal bupivacaine during multi-dose usage in a clinical setting evaluated by culture and PCR.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- Propidium Monoazide-Treated, Cell-Direct, Quantitative PCR for Detecting Viable Chloramphenicol-ResistantGenes · 2023Article
- Advances in detection methods for viable Salmonella spp.: current applications and challenges.Analytical sciences : the international journal of the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry · 2023Review
- Preliminary Study on Rapid and Simultaneous Detection of ViableMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Utilizing the state of environmental DNA (eDNA) to incorporate time-scale information into eDNA analysis.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2023Review
- Rapid Monitoring of Viable Genetically ModifiedMicroorganisms · 2023Article
- Application of propidium monoazide quantitative PCR to discriminate of infectious African swine fever viruses.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
47 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The distinction between viable and dead cells is a major issue in many aspects of biological research. The current technologies for determining viable versus dead cells cannot readily be used for quantitative differentiation of specific cells in mixed populations. This is a serious limitation. We have solved this problem by developing a new concept with the viable/dead stain ethidium monoazide (EMA) in combination with real-time PCR (EMA-PCR). A dynamic range of approximately 4 log(10) was obtained for the EMA-PCR viable/dead assay. Viable/dead differentiation is obtained by covalent binding of EMA to DNA in dead cells by photoactivation. EMA penetrates only dead cells with compromised membrane/cell wall systems. DNA covalently bound to EMA cannot be PCR amplified. Thus, only DNA from viable cells can be detected. We evaluated EMA-PCR with the major food-borne bacterium Campylobacter jejuni as an example. Traditional diagnosis of this bacterium is very difficult due to its specific growth requirements and because it may enter a state where it is viable but not cultivable. The conditions analyzed included detection in mixed and natural samples, survival in food, and survival after disinfection or antibiotic treatment. We obtained reliable viable/dead quantifications for all conditions tested. Comparison with standard fluorescence-based viable/dead techniques showed that the EMA-PCR has a broader dynamic range and enables quantification in mixed and complex samples. In conclusion, EMA-PCR offers a novel real-time PCR method for quantitative distinction between viable and dead cells with potentially very wide application.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.