Trial reportEuropean journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging2005
In vitro and in vivo evaluation of [18F]ciprofloxacin for the imaging of bacterial infections with PET.
Trial report in European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- Radiolabeled Antimicrobials for Infection Imaging: A Scoping Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Nuclear medicine imaging to guide antibiotic therapy: an expert review.The British journal of radiology · 2026Review
- A scoping review on potential of novel developments in fever of unknown origin and inflammation of unknown origin: long-axial-field-of-view positron emission tomography/computed tomography and novel radiotracers.The quarterly journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging : official publication of the Italian Association of Nuclear Medicine (AIMN) [and] the International Association of Radiopharmacology (IAR), [and] Section of the Society of... · 2025Article
- Synthesis and preclinical evaluation of novelEuropean journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2024Article
- Novel Diagnostic Methods for Infective Endocarditis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- The Development and Validation of Radiopharmaceuticals Targeting Bacterial Infection.Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine · 2023Article
- Article
- Metals to combat antimicrobial resistance.Nature reviews. Chemistry · 2023Review
- Advances in Molecular Imaging in Infective Endocarditis.Vaccines · 2023Review
- Antibiotic-Derived Radiotracers for Positron Emission Tomography: Nuclear or "Unclear" Infection Imaging?Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2022Review
- Imaging infection amid inflammation.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2022Article
- Physicochemical and Biological Study ofTomography (Ann Arbor, Mich.) · 2021Article
- 18FDG-Positron Emission Tomography in patients with Tuberculous Meningitis: A Prospective Evaluation.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2021Article
- PET/CT Imaging for Personalized Management of Infectious Diseases.Journal of personalized medicine · 2021Review
- In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation ofBiomolecules · 2021Article
- Small Molecule Sensors Targeting the Bacterial Cell Wall.ACS infectious diseases · 2020Review
- Radiochemical Approaches to Imaging Bacterial Infections: Intracellular versus Extracellular Targets.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- PET Radiopharmaceuticals for Specific Bacteria Imaging: A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2019Review
- Currently Available Radiopharmaceuticals for Imaging Infection and the Holy Grail.Seminars in nuclear medicine · 2018Review
- Pathogen-Specific Bacterial Imaging in Nuclear Medicine.Seminars in nuclear medicine · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThe suitability of the 18F-labelled fluoroquinolone antibiotic ciprofloxacin ([18F]ciprofloxacin) for imaging of bacterial infections with positron emission tomography (PET) was assessed in vitro and in vivo.
methodsFor the in vitro experiments, suspensions of various E. coli strains were incubated with different concentrations of [18F]ciprofloxacin (0.01-5.0 microg/ml) and radioactivity retention was measured in a gamma counter. For the in vivo experiments, 725 +/- 9 MBq [18F]ciprofloxacin was injected intravenously into four patients with microbiologically proven bacterial soft tissue infections of the lower extremities and time-radioactivity curves were recorded in infected and uninfected tissue for 5 h after tracer injection.
resultsBinding of [18F]ciprofloxacin to bacterial cells was rapid, non-saturable and readily reversible. Moreover, bacterial binding of the agent was similar in ciprofloxacin-resistant and ciprofloxacin-susceptible clinical isolates. These findings suggest that non-specific binding rather than specific binding to bacterial type II topoisomerase enzymes is the predominant mechanism of bacterial retention of the radiotracer. PET studies in the four patients with microbiologically proven bacterial soft tissue infections demonstrated locally increased radioactivity uptake in infected tissue, with peak ratios between infected and uninfected tissue ranging from 1.8 to 5.5. Radioactivity was not retained in infected tissue and appeared to wash out with a similar elimination half-life as in uninfected tissue, suggesting that the kinetics of [18F]ciprofloxacin in infected tissue are governed by increased blood flow and vascular permeability due to local infection rather than by a binding process.
conclusionTaken together, our results indicate that [18F]ciprofloxacin is not suited as a bacteria-specific infection imaging agent for PET.
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