ReviewPsychopharmacology2005
Therapeutic potential of positive AMPA modulators and their relationship to AMPA receptor subunits. A review of preclinical data.
Review in Psychopharmacology, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
71 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 172 citations in OpenAlex.
- Shared genetic underpinnings of gray matter volume alterations and metabolic traits in major depressive disorder.BMC psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Riluzole for relapse prevention following intravenous ketamine in treatment-resistant depression: a pilot randomized, placebo-controlled continuation trial.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2010Trial
- A placebo-controlled add-on trial of the Ampakine, CX516, for cognitive deficits in schizophrenia.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2008Trial
- Aniracetam restores the excitation-inhibition balance of neurotransmitters in the prefrontal cortex of mice with ADHD.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Oligomeric alpha-synuclein causes early synaptic dysfunction of the corticostriatal pathway associated with non-motor symptoms.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2025Article
- Positive AMPA and Kainate Receptor Modulators and Their Therapeutic Potential in CNS Diseases: A Comprehensive Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Aniracetam Ameliorates Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Behavior in Adolescent Mice.eNeuro · 2025Article
- Positive allosteric modulation of AMPA receptors via PF4778574 leads to reduced demyelination and clinical disability in experimental models of multiple sclerosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Drugs with glutamate-based mechanisms of action in psychiatry.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2024Review
- Targeting synapse function and loss for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2024Review
- Review
- A Novel Phenylpyrrolidine Derivative: Synthesis and Effect on Cognitive Functions in Rats with Experimental Ishemic Stroke.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Allosteric modulation of AMPA receptors counteracts Tau-related excitotoxic synaptic signaling and memory deficits in stress- and Aβ-evoked hippocampal pathology.Molecular psychiatry · 2021Article
- Structure, Function, and Pharmacology of Glutamate Receptor Ion Channels.Pharmacological reviews · 2021Review
- Neuroimaging of Supraventricular Frontal White Matter in Children with Familial Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Due to Prenatal Alcohol Exposure.Neurotoxicity research · 2021Article
- Strictly regulated agonist-dependent activation of AMPA-R is the key characteristic of TAK-653 for robust synaptic responses and cognitive improvement.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Acetylation of AMPA Receptors Regulates Receptor Trafficking and Rescues Memory Deficits in Alzheimer's Disease.iScience · 2020Article
- Pharmacological characterisation of MDI-222, a novel AMPA receptor positive allosteric modulator with an improved safety profile.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2020Article
- Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Ligand Development for Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors: Challenges and Opportunities for Radiotracer Targeting N-Methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA), α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid (AMPA), and Kainate Receptors.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2019Review
- Designing a Formulation of the Nootropic Drug Aniracetam Using 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin Suitable for Parenteral Administration.Pharmaceutics · 2018Article
11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPositive alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) modulators enhance glutamate transmission via the AMPA receptor by altering the rate of desensitization; alone they have no intrinsic activity. They are the only class of compounds known that may pharmacologically separate AMPA subtypes.
objectiveThis manuscript will review preclinical work on positive AMPA modulators, with clinical examples where relevant.
resultsThe activity of these compounds appears to be determined by the AMPA receptor subunit composition. Studies have shown that splice variant and/or subunit combinations change the desensitization rate of this receptor. Also, these subunits are heterogeneously expressed across the central nervous system. Therefore, the functional outcome of different positive AMPA modulators could indeed be different. The origins of this pharmacological class come from hippocampal long-term potentiation studies, so quite naturally they were first studied in models of short- and long-term memory (e.g., delayed match to sample, maze performance). In general, these agents were procognitive. However, more recent work with different chemical classes has suggested additional therapeutic effects in models of schizophrenia (e.g., amphetamine locomotor activity), depression (e.g., forced swim test), neuroprotection (e.g., NMDA agonist lesions) and Parkinson's disease (e.g., 6-hydroxydopamine lesion).
conclusionsIn conclusion, positive modulation of AMPA may offer numerous therapeutic avenues for central nervous system drug discovery.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.