ReviewHormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme
On the physiology of GIP and GLP-1.
Review in Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It reports registered trial NCT00716170. Cited by 60 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Role of GIP, GLP-1 and GLP-2 in Type 2 Diabetic Hyperglucagonemia
The Effect of GLP-1 on Glucose Uptake in the CNS and Heart in Healthy Subjects During Normoglycaemia Assessed by Positron Emission Tomografi
Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trial
- Trial
- Influence of GLP-1 on myocardial glucose metabolism in healthy men during normo- or hypoglycemia.PloS one · 2014Trial
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 decreases intracerebral glucose content by activating hexokinase and changing glucose clearance during hyperglycemia.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2012Trial
- Effects ofJournal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2026Article
- The ciliary neurotrophic factor induces Stat3 phosphorylation in distinctive cytotypes of organs involved in body metabolism: An immunohistochemical study.Journal of anatomy · 2026Article
- GLP-1 and GIP: Magic bullet for musculoskeletal diseases?Journal of advanced research · 2026Review
- The Roles of Incretin Hormones GIP and GLP-1 in Metabolic and Cardiovascular Health: A Comprehensive Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- DPP-IV and FAS inhibitory peptides: therapeutic alternative against diabesity.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2025Review
- GLP-1 and Its Analogs: Does Sex Matter?Endocrinology · 2025Review
- Integrated Insights into Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery: Improving Life Quality and Reducing Mortality in Obesity.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Review
- Artificial sweeteners and their implications in diabetes: a review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Review
- In Silico Exploration of Metabolically Active Peptides as Potential Therapeutic Agents against Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Enterohepatic, Gluco-metabolic, and Gut Microbial Characterization of Individuals With Bile Acid Malabsorption.Gastro hep advances · 2022Article
- Review
- Proglucagon-Derived Peptides as Therapeutics.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Review
- GLP-1-Induced AMPK Activation Inhibits PARP-1 and Promotes LXR-Mediated ABCA1 Expression to Protect Pancreatic β-Cells Against Cholesterol-Induced Toxicity Through Cholesterol Efflux.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Article
- No detectable effect of a type 2 diabetes-associated TCF7L2 genotype on the incretin effect.Endocrine connections · 2020Article
- A Physiologically-Based Quantitative Systems Pharmacology Model of the Incretin Hormones GLP-1 and GIP and the DPP4 Inhibitor Sitagliptin.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2020Article
- Experiences with Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist in Children with Acquired Hypothalamic Obesity.Obesity facts · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Recent studies have indicated that GIP and GLP-1 are about as important as each other in the incretin effect, being released rapidly after meals and being active already at fasting glucose levels. Although the density of GLP-1 producing cells is higher distally, GlP-1 is normally secreted by jejunal L-cells, explaining the rapid onset of secretion. Moreover, many endocrine cells in the small intestine appear to produce both GIP and GLP-1. Both are metabolized rapidly by the dipeptidyl peptidase IV enzyme, but unlike GIP, about 90 % of GLP-1 is degraded before it reaches the systemic circulation. Apparently, before it is degraded, GLP-1 activates sensory afferents in the gastrointestinal mucosa with cell bodies in the nodose ganglion, signaling onwards to the brain stem and the hypothalamus. A similar mechanism seems to be involved in GLP-1's effect on gastrointestinal motility and secretion, and perhaps its actions on appetite and food intake, all of which may be even more physiologically important than its effects on the beta cells. Cardiovascular and neuroprotective actions of GLP-1 have also recently been reported. Regarding GIP, several lines of evidence suggest that GIP, in addition to its incretin effects, may affect lipid metabolism and promote lipid storage.
Indexed as
Identifiers
15655703What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.