ArticleMolecular endocrinology (Baltimore, Md.)2005
Heterodimers of retinoic acid receptors and thyroid hormone receptors display unique combinatorial regulatory properties.
Article in Molecular endocrinology (Baltimore, Md.), 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 79 citations in OpenAlex.
- Isotretinoin and serum thyroid parameters: systematic review and meta-analysis.Anais brasileiros de dermatologiaPooled it
- Retinoic Acid Receptor γ Is a Ligand-Activated Gatekeeper to Stem Cell Developmental Progression.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The Influences of RARγ on the Behavior of Normal and Cancer Stem Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Rat embryonic stem cell-basedFrontiers in toxicology · 2025Article
- Targeting Androgen, Thyroid Hormone, and Vitamin A and D Receptors to Treat Prostate Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- A System Biology Approach Reveals New Targets for Human Thyroid Gland Toxicity in Embryos and Adult Individuals.Metabolites · 2024Article
- Subcutaneous adipose tissue alteration in aging process associated with thyroid hormone signaling.BMC medical genomics · 2023Article
- The Role of Estrogen and Thyroid Hormones in Zebrafish Visual System Function.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Retinoic acid signaling is critical during the totipotency window in early mammalian development.Nature structural & molecular biology · 2021Article
- Review
- Hormonal Regulation of Oligodendrogenesis I: Effects across the Lifespan.Biomolecules · 2021Review
- The protective variant rs7173049 at LOXL1 locus impacts on retinoic acid signaling pathway in pseudoexfoliation syndrome.Human molecular genetics · 2019Article
- Influences of Vitamin A on Vaccine Immunogenicity and Efficacy.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- Thyroid Hormone Signaling Pathways: Time for a More Precise Nomenclature.Endocrinology · 2017Article
- Hypothyroidism Side Effect in Patients Treated with Sunitinib or Sorafenib: Clinical and Structural Analyses.PloS one · 2016Article
- Thyroid Hormone Mediated Modulation of Energy Expenditure.International journal of molecular sciences · 2015Review
- MicroRNA-10a is reduced in breast cancer and regulated in part through retinoic acid.BMC cancer · 2015Article
- RXR agonist modulates TR: corepressor dissociation upon 9-cis retinoic acid treatment.Molecular endocrinology (Baltimore, Md.) · 2015Article
- Krüppel-like factors are effectors of nuclear receptor signaling.General and comparative endocrinology · 2014Review
- Retinoid receptor signaling and autophagy in acute promyelocytic leukemia.Experimental cell research · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Nuclear receptors are ligand-regulated transcription factors that regulate key aspects of metazoan development, differentiation, and homeostasis. Nuclear receptors recognize target genes by binding to specific DNA recognition sequences, denoted hormone response elements (HREs). Many nuclear receptors can recognize HREs as either homodimers or heterodimers. Retinoid X receptors (RXRs), in particular, serve as important heterodimer partners for many other nuclear receptors, including thyroid hormone receptors (TRs), and RXR/TR heterodimers have been proposed to be the primary mediators of target gene regulation by T3 hormone. Here, we report that the retinoic acid receptors (RARs), a distinct class of nuclear receptors, are also efficient heterodimer partners for TRs. These RAR/TR heterodimers form with similar affinities as RXR/TR heterodimers on an assortment of consensus and natural HREs, and preferentially assemble with the RAR partner 5' of the TR moiety. The corepressor and coactivator recruitment properties of these RAR/TR heterodimers and their transcriptional activities in vivo are distinct from those observed with the corresponding RXR heterodimers. Our studies indicate that RXRs are not unique in their ability to partner with TRs, and that RARs can also serve as robust heterodimer partners and combinatorial regulators of T3-modulated gene expression.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.