ReviewMolecular and cellular biochemistry2004
The contractile apparatus as a target for drugs against heart failure: interaction of levosimendan, a calcium sensitiser, with cardiac troponin c.
Review in Molecular and cellular biochemistry, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 100 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of levosimendan in patients with sepsis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Pooled it
- Trial
- Comparison of Levosimendan versus Dobutamine in Patients with Moderate to Severe Left Ventricular Dysfunction Undergoing Off-pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: A Randomized Prospective Study.Annals of cardiac anaesthesiaTrial
- The contribution of mechanical ventilation to critical illness-associated diaphragm dysfunction: a critical appraisal.Critical care (London, England) · 2026Review
- Substrate mechanics unveil early structural and functional pathology in iPSC micro-tissue models of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.iScience · 2024Article
- Emerging Concepts of Mechanisms Controlling Cardiac Tension: Focus on Familial Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM) and Sarcomere-Directed Therapies.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Preoperative Levosimendan therapy reduces postoperative right ventricular failure in patients undergoing left ventricular assist device implantation.Interdisciplinary cardiovascular and thoracic surgery · 2023Article
- The Coadministration of Levosimendan and Exenatide Offers a Significant Cardioprotective Effect to Isolated Rat Hearts against Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2022Article
- Targeting the sarcomere in inherited cardiomyopathies.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2022Review
- The Adenylate Cyclase Activator Forskolin Potentiates the Positive Inotropic Effect of the Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor Milrinone But Not of the Calcium Sensitizer Levosimendan nor of Its Hemodynamically Active Metabolites: An Apparent Conundrum.Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology · 2022Article
- Cardiomyocyte Dysfunction in Inherited Cardiomyopathies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- De Novo Missense Mutations inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- High-density lipoprotein-mediated cardioprotection in heart failure.Heart failure reviews · 2021Review
- Levosimendan in Europe and China: An Appraisal of Evidence and Context.European cardiology · 2021Review
- Integrative Methods for Studying Cardiac Energetics.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2021Article
- Levosimendan Efficacy and Safety: 20 Years of SIMDAX in Clinical Use.Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology · 2020Review
- Strategies for targeting the cardiac sarcomere: avenues for novel drug discovery.Expert opinion on drug discovery · 2020Review
- Levosimendan Efficacy and Safety: 20 years of SIMDAX in Clinical Use.Cardiac failure review · 2020Review
- Acute liver failure with extreme hyperbilirubinemia secondary to endocarditis-related severe mitral and tricuspid regurgitation: a challenge and an opportunity for surgeons.Journal of thoracic disease · 2018Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cardiac failure is one of the leading causes of mortality in developed countries. As life expectancies of the populations of these countries grow, the number of patients suffering from cardiac insufficiency also increases. Effective treatments are being sought and recently a new class of drugs, the calcium sensitisers, was developed. These drugs cause a positive inotropic effect on cardio-myocytes by interacting directly with the contractile apparatus. Their mechanism of action is not accompanied by an increase in intracellular calcium concentration at therapeutic doses, as seen for the older generation of positive inotropic drugs, and thus does not induce calcium-related deleterious effects such as arrhythmias or apoptosis. Levosimendan is a novel calcium sensitiser which has been discovered by using cardiac troponin C (cTnC) as target protein. This drug has been proved to be a well-tolerated and effective treatment for patients with severe decompensated heart failure. This review describes the basic principles of muscle contraction, the main components of the contractile apparatus and their roles in the heart contraction. The regulatory proteins troponin C (cTnC), troponin I (cTnI), troponin T (cTnT), and tropomyosin (Tm) and their interactions are discussed in details. The concept of calcium sensitisation is thereafter explained and a few examples of calcium sensitisers and their putative mechanisms are discussed. Finally, the binding of levosimendan to cTnC and its mechanism of action are described and the results discussed under the light of the action of this drug in vitro and in vivo.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.