ArticleBreast cancer research : BCR2005
Presence of papillomavirus sequences in condylomatous lesions of the mamillae and in invasive carcinoma of the breast.
Article in Breast cancer research : BCR, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 82 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
82 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 186 citations in OpenAlex.
- HPV in breast cancer: prevalence and comparison with healthy tissue-a systematic review and meta-analysis.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2026Pooled it
- The oncogenic role of human papillomavirus in breast cancer: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- Hepatitis C virus infection is associated with high risk of breast cancer: a pooled analysis of 68,014 participants.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Pooled it
- An updated systemic review and meta-analysis on human papillomavirus in breast carcinogenesis.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Pooled it
- Detection of Human Papillomaviruses in the Nasopharynx of Breastfed Infants: New Findings and Meta-Analysis.Viruses · 2020Pooled it
- Human papillomavirus infection and sporadic breast carcinoma risk: a meta-analysis.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2011Pooled it
- HPV DNA Detection and Genotyping in Basal-Like Breast Carcinoma: Insights into a Possible Viral Association.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- HPV, APOBEC3B, and the origins of breast cancer: a narrative review and perspectives on novel mechanisms.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Detection ofInfection and drug resistance · 2025Article
- Review
- Immunological Response against Breast Lineage Cells Transfected with Human Papillomavirus (HPV).Viruses · 2024Article
- Human papillomaviruses and breast cancer: A systematic review and meta‑analysis.Oncology letters · 2024Article
- Human Papilloma Virus: An Unraveled Enigma of Universal Burden of Malignancies.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- HPV-Associated Breast Cancer: Myth or Fact?Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Risk Role of Breast Cancer in Association with Human Papilloma Virus among Female Population in Taiwan: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Presence of Human Papillomavirus DNA in Malignant Neoplasia and Non-Malignant Breast Disease.Current issues in molecular biology · 2022Article
- High Frequency of Epstein-Barr Virus and Absence of Papillomavirus in Breast Cancer Patients from Brazilian Northeast.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2022Article
- Human Papillomavirus, Cytomegalovirus Infection and P16 Staining in Breast Tumors from Peruvian Women.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2022Article
- Low frequency of HPV positivity in breast tumors among patients from south-central Poland.Infectious agents and cancer · 2021Article
- HPV and Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis: A Brief Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
22 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundViruses including Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a human equivalent of murine mammary tumour virus (MMTV) and human papillomavirus (HPV) have been implicated in the aetiology of human breast cancer. We report the presence of HPV DNA sequences in areolar tissue and tumour tissue samples from female patients with breast carcinoma. The presence of virus in the areolar-nipple complex suggests to us a potential pathogenic mechanism.
methodsPolymerase chain reaction (PCR) was undertaken to amplify HPV types in areolar and tumour tissue from breast cancer cases. In situ hybridisation supported the PCR findings and localised the virus in nipple, areolar and tumour tissue.
resultsPapillomavirus DNA was present in 25 of 29 samples of breast carcinoma and in 20 of 29 samples from the corresponding mamilla. The most prevalent type in both carcinomas and nipples was HPV 11, followed by HPV 6. Other types detected were HPV 16, 23, 27 and 57 (nipples and carcinomas), HPV 20, 21, 32, 37, 38, 66 and GA3-1 (nipples only) and HPV 3, 15, 24, 87 and DL473 (carcinomas only). Multiple types were demonstrated in seven carcinomas and ten nipple samples.
conclusionsThe data demonstrate the occurrence of HPV in nipple and areolar tissues in patients with breast carcinoma. The authors postulate a retrograde ductular pattern of viral spread that may have pathogenic significance.
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