SynthesisBMC nephrology2005
Polymorphisms of the insertion / deletion ACE and M235T AGT genes and hypertension: surprising new findings and meta-analysis of data.
Synthesis in BMC nephrology, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 152 citations in OpenAlex.
- Angiotensin II type 1 receptor polymorphisms and susceptibility to hypertension: a HuGE review.Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics · 2008Pooled it
- Association of Polymorphisms in Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthesis and Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System with Developing of Coronary Artery Disease in Bulgarian Patients.Genetic testing and molecular biomarkers · 2016Trial
- A comprehensive narrative review on precision medicine approach to hypertension: exploring the role of genetics, epigenetics, microbiome, and artificial intelligence.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025Review
- Different Polymorphisms of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Genes are Associated with Poorer Blood Pressure Control in Hypertensive Older Adults.High blood pressure & cardiovascular prevention : the official journal of the Italian Society of Hypertension · 2025Article
- Impact of Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) Gene Polymorphism in Essential Hypertension and Antihypertensive Drug Therapy: A Review.International journal of hypertension · 2025Review
- Genetic Factors Contributing to the Pathogenesis of Essential Hypertension in Two African Populations.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Article
- Genetic polymorphisms in the angiotensin converting enzyme, actinin 3 and paraoxonase 1 genes in women with diabetes and hypertension.Archives of endocrinology and metabolism · 2023Article
- Diet-gene interaction: effects of polymorphisms in the ACE, AGT and BDKRB2 genes and the consumption of sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium on blood pressure of normotensive adult individuals.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2021Article
- Association BetweenFrontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2021Article
- Methylene blue may have a role in the treatment of COVID-19.Medical hypotheses · 2020Article
- Influence of Angiotensin-converting Enzyme Insertion/Deletion Gene Polymorphism in Progression of Chagas Heart Disease.Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical · 2020Article
- Family history and renin-angiotensin system gene polymorphisms in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Medicine · 2017Article
- Renin-angiotensin system gene polymorphisms and high blood pressure in Lithuanian children and adolescents.BMC medical genetics · 2017Article
- Ethnic Variation in the Association of Hypertension With Type 2 Diabetes.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2017Article
- Association of angiotensin converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion polymorphism with essential hypertension in south Indian population.Genes & diseases · 2016Article
- Neuromarkers of the common angiotensinogen polymorphism in healthy older adults: A comprehensive assessment of white matter integrity and cognition.Behavioural brain research · 2016Article
- Angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism, 24-h blood pressure profile and left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertensive individuals: a cross-sectional study.European journal of medical research · 2015Article
- Association of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme I/D and α-actinin-3 R577X Genotypes with Growth Factors and Physical Fitness in Korean Children.The Korean journal of physiology & pharmacology : official journal of the Korean Physiological Society and the Korean Society of Pharmacology · 2015Article
- Gene polymorphisms of adducin GLY460TRP, ACE I/D, AND AGT M235T in pediatric hypertension patients.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2014Article
- Genetics of hypertension: discoveries from the bench to human populations.American journal of physiology. Renal physiology · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundEssential hypertension is a common, polygenic, complex disorder resulting from interaction of several genes with each other and with environmental factors such as obesity, dietary salt intake, and alcohol consumption. Since the underlying genetic pathways remain elusive, currently most studies focus on the genes coding for proteins that regulate blood pressure as their physiological role makes them prime suspects. The present study examines how polymorphisms of the insertion/deletion (I/D) ACE and M235T AGT genes account for presence and severity of hypertension, and embeds the data in a meta-analysis of relevant studies.
methodsThe I/D polymorphisms of the ACE and M235T polymorphisms of the AGT genes were determined by RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism) and restriction analysis in 638 hypertensive patients and 720 normotensive local blood donors in Weisswasser, Germany. Severity of hypertension was estimated by the number of antihypertensive drugs used.
resultsNo difference was observed in the allele frequencies and genotype distributions of ACE gene polymorphisms between the two groups, whereas AGT TT homozygotes were more frequent in controls (4.6% vs. 2.7%, P = .08). This became significant (p = 0.035) in women only. AGT TT genotype was associated with a 48% decrease in the risk of having hypertension (odds ratio: 0.52; 95% CI, 0.28 to 0.96), and this risk decreased more significantly in women (odds ratio: 0.28; 95% CI, 0.1 to 0.78). The meta-analysis showed a pooled odds ratio for hypertension of 1.21 (TT vs. MM, 95% CI: 1.11 to 1.32) in Caucasians. No correlation was found between severity of hypertension and a specific genotype.
conclusionThe ACE I/D polymorphism does not contribute to the presence and severity of essential hypertension, while the AGT M235T TT genotype confers a significantly decreased risk for the development of hypertension in the population studied here. This contrasts to the findings of meta-analyses, whereby the T allele is associated with increased risk for hypertension.
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