ArticleThe American journal of pathology2005
Lymphotoxin plays a crucial role in the development and function of nasal-associated lymphoid tissue through regulation of chemokines and peripheral node addressin.
Article in The American journal of pathology, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Indolent primary cutaneous B-cell lymphomas resemble persistent antigen reactions without signs of dedifferentiation.Nature communications · 2026Article
- From Lymphotoxin to Tertiary Lymphoid Structures and Beyond.Immunological reviews · 2025Review
- Epstein-Barr virus infection induces tissue-resident memory T cells in mucosal lymphoid tissues.JCI insight · 2024Article
- Regulation, Maintenance, and Remodeling of High Endothelial Venules in Homeostasis, Inflammation, and Cancer.Current opinion in physiology · 2023Article
- Molecular Landscape of Tourette's Disorder.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- High endothelial venules (HEVs) in immunity, inflammation and cancer.Angiogenesis · 2021Review
- Molecular Drivers of Lymphocyte Organization in Vertebrate Mucosal Surfaces: Revisiting the TNF Superfamily Hypothesis.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2020Article
- Review
- Stromal Fibroblasts in Tertiary Lymphoid Structures: A Novel Target in Chronic Inflammation.Frontiers in immunology · 2016Review
- Lymphotoxin and TNF: how it all began-a tribute to the travelers.Cytokine & growth factor reviews · 2014Review
- Article
- Article
- New insights into the development of lymphoid tissues.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2010Review
- Secondary lymphoid organs: responding to genetic and environmental cues in ontogeny and the immune response.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2009Review
- In vivo endothelial gene regulation in diabetes.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2008Article
- Intranasal vaccination of infant mice induces protective immunity in the absence of nasal-associated lymphoid tissue.Vaccine · 2008Article
- Development of secondary lymphoid organs.Annual review of immunology · 2008Review
- Transgenic LacZ under control of Hec-6st regulatory sequences recapitulates endogenous gene expression on high endothelial venules.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2007Article
- Role of lymphotoxin and homeostatic chemokines in the development and function of local lymphoid tissues in the respiratory tract.Inmunologia (Barcelona, Spain : 1987) · 2007Article
- Inducible bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (iBALT) in patients with pulmonary complications of rheumatoid arthritis.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2006Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The mechanism of nasal-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT) development is incompletely understood with regard to the roles of cytokines, chemokines, and vascular addressins. Development of the wild-type NALT continued in the immediate postnatal period with gradual increases in cellularity, compartmentalization into T- and B-cell zones, and expression of lymphotoxin (LT)-alpha, LT-beta, and lymphoid chemokines (CCL21, CCL19, CXCL13). High endothelial venules (HEVs) developed that expressed GlyCAM-1, HEC-6ST [an enzyme crucial for expression of luminal peripheral node addressin (PNAd)], and PNAd itself. LT-beta(-/-) and LT-alpha(-/-) NALTs had fewer cells than those of wild-type mice, reduced (LT-beta(-/-)) or absent (LT-alpha(-/-)) lymphoid chemokines, and no T- and B-cell compartmentalization. LT-beta(-/-) HEVs expressed only abluminal PNAd and no HEC-6ST or GlyCAM-1. LT-alpha(-/-) HEVs had no PNAd, HEC-6ST, or GlyCAM-1. Because intranasal immunization gives rise to vaginal IgA, immunization of LT-beta(-/-) mice, which retain cervical lymph nodes, might generate such a response. Intranasal immunization with ovalbumin and cholera toxin revealed lower cytokine levels in the LT-alpha(-/-) and LT-beta(-/-) NALTs, and undetectable vaginal IgA. In contrast, splenic cytokines and serum IgG titers, although reduced, were detectable. These data indicate that LT-alpha(3) and LT-alpha(1)beta(2) cooperatively contribute to NALT development and function through regulation of lymphoid chemokines and adhesion molecules; they are the first to implicate LT-alpha(1)beta(2) in GlyCAM-1 regulation in NALT HEV development.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.