ReviewEuropean radiology2005
Metastatic disease of the brain: extra-axial metastases (skull, dura, leptomeningeal) and tumour spread.
Review in European radiology, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- Outcomes of leptomeningeal disease after only vertebral osseous metastases: a real-world analysis using the TriNetX database.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2025Article
- Management of Aggressive Recurrent Meningioma Using a Combined Transfacial-Pterional Approach.Cureus · 2025Article
- Meningeal Metastasis from Naso-Ethmoidal Malignancies: Pathogenesis, Risk Factors, and Prognostic Impact.Journal of personalized medicine · 2025Article
- Clinical feasibility of CS-VIBE accelerates MRI techniques in diagnosing intracranial metastasis.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Full-Thickness Craniodural Metastasis with Leptomeningeal Infiltration of Salivary Origin: A Radiological Lesson and a Technical Remark.Tomography (Ann Arbor, Mich.) · 2022Article
- MRI sequences and interslice gap influence leptomeningeal metastasis detection in children with brain tumors.Neuroradiology · 2022Article
- Recent Advances in Liquid Biopsy of Brain Cancers.Frontiers in genetics · 2021Review
- [Occipital condyle syndrome: the visible part of the iceberg].The Pan African medical journal · 2019Article
- Spontaneous intracranial hypotension: two steroid-responsive cases.Polish journal of radiology · 2018Article
- Brain metastases: neuroimaging.Handbook of clinical neurology · 2018Review
- [Extra-axial tumors of the central nervous system].Der Radiologe · 2017Review
- Minimally Invasive Diagnosis of Secondary Intracranial Lymphoma.Case reports in hematology · 2016Article
- Postoperative intraspinal subdural collections after pediatric posterior fossa tumor resection: incidence, imaging, and clinical features.AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology · 2015Article
- Potential of F-18 PET/CT in the Detection of Leptomeningeal Metastasis.The neuroradiology journal · 2014Article
- Dural lesions mimicking meningiomas: A pictorial essay.World journal of radiology · 2012Article
- Article
- "Volcano sign"--description of a sign of aggressive neoplastic epidural lesions with subdural extension.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2009Article
- Intracranial Leptomeningeal Carcinomatosis: A Diagnostic Study withCase reports in neurologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Extra-axial intracranial metastases may arise through several situations. Hematogenous spread to the meninges is the most frequent cause. Direct extension from contiguous extra-cranial neoplasms, secondary invasion of the meninges by calvarium and skull base metastases, and migration along perineural or perivascular structures are less common. Leptomeningeal invasion gives rise to tumour cell dissemination by the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), eventually leading to neoplastic coating of brain surfaces. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is complementary to CSF examinations and can be invaluable, detecting up to 50% of false-negative lumbar punctures. MR findings range from diffuse linear leptomeningeal enhancement to multiple enhancing extra-axial nodules, obstructive communicating and non-communicating hydrocephalus. Both calvarial and epidural metastases infrequently transgress the dura, which acts as a barrier against tumour spread. Radionuclide bone studies are still a valuable screening test to detect bone metastases. With computed tomography (CT) and MR, bone metastases extending intracranially and primary dural metastases show the characteristic biconvex shape, usually associated with brain displacement away from the inner table. Although CT is better in detecting skull base erosion, MR is more sensitive and provides more detailed information about dural involvement. Perineural and perivascular spread from head and neck neoplasms require thin-section contrast-enhanced MR.
Indexed as
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.