Trial reportEuropean journal of clinical pharmacology2004
Pharmacokinetic interaction of chloroquine and methylene blue combination against malaria.
Trial report in European journal of clinical pharmacology, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 84 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluating the safety of oral methylene blue during swallowing assessment: a systematic review.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2021Pooled it
- A randomized controlled trial of chloroquine for the treatment of dengue in Vietnamese adults.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2010Trial
- High absolute bioavailability of methylene blue given as an aqueous oral formulation.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2009Trial
- Methylene blue for malaria in Africa: results from a dose-finding study in combination with chloroquine.Malaria journal · 2006Trial
- Pharmacokinetic interactions between chloroquine, sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine and their bioequivalence in a generic fixed-dose combination in healthy volunteers in Uganda.African health sciences · 2006Trial
- Safety of the methylene blue plus chloroquine combination in the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in young children of Burkina Faso [ISRCTN27290841].Malaria journal · 2005Trial
- A Composite Structure of Modified Silver Nanoparticles for Improving the Recognition Performance of Electrode.Micromachines · 2026Article
- Quantification of Methylene Blue and Evaluation of Its Pharmacokinetics in ICR Mice by Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry Using Difluoroacetic Acid.Biomedical chromatography : BMC · 2025Article
- Article
- Consumption of Galactose byPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Of masks and methylene blue-The use of methylene blue photochemical treatment to decontaminate surgical masks contaminated with a tenacious small nonenveloped norovirus.American journal of infection control · 2022Article
- Mechanisms associated with the dysregulation of mitochondrial function due to lead exposure and possible implications on the development of Alzheimer's disease.Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2022Review
- Ultrasound-Guided Continuous Thoracic Paravertebral Infusion of Methylene Blue in the Treatment of Postherpetic Neuralgia: A Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Study.Pain and therapy · 2021Article
- Drug-drug interactions with candidate medications used for COVID-19 treatment: An overview.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2021Review
- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacological Properties of Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine in the Context of COVID-19 Infection.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2020Review
- Use of Biodegradable, Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles in the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Repurposing Drugs for COVID-19: Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacogenomics of Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine.Pharmacogenomics and personalized medicine · 2020Review
- Artemisone and Artemiside Are Potent Panreactive Antimalarial Agents That Also Synergize Redox Imbalance in Plasmodium falciparum Transmissible Gametocyte Stages.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2018Article
- Alternatives to currently used antimalarial drugs: in search of a magic bullet.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2016Review
- Chloroquine inhibits the malignant phenotype of glioblastoma partially by suppressing TGF-beta.Investigational new drugs · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe combination of chloroquine and methylene blue is potentially effective for the treatment of chloroquine-resistant malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum. The aim of this study was to investigate whether methylene blue influences the pharmacokinetics of chloroquine.
methodsIn a randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel group design, a 3-day course of therapeutic oral doses of chloroquine (total 2.5 g in male, 1.875 g in female participants) with oral co-administration of placebo or 130 mg methylene blue twice daily for 3 days was administered to 24 healthy individuals. Chloroquine, desethylchloroquine, and methylene blue concentrations were determined by means of HPLC/UV or LC/MS/MS assays in whole blood, plasma, and urine for 28 days after the last dose.
resultsDuring methylene blue exposure, the area under the chloroquine whole blood concentration-time curve normalized to body weight (AUC(0-24 h)/BW) yielded a trend of reduction (249+/-98.2 h mug l(-1) kg(-1) versus 315+/-65.0 h mug l(-1) kg(-1), P=0.06). The AUC(0-24 h)/BW of desethylchloroquine was reduced by 35% (104+/-40.3 h mug l(-1) kg(-1) versus 159+/-66.6 h mug l(-1) kg(-1), P=0.03), whereas the metabolic ratio between chloroquine and desethylchloroquine remained unchanged (2.25+/-0.49 versus 1.95+/-0.42, P=0.17). The renal clearance of chloroquine and the ratio between chloroquine in whole blood and plasma remained unchanged (P>0.1).
conclusionOral co-administration of methylene blue appears to result in a small reduction of chloroquine exposure which is not expected to be clinically relevant and thus represents no concern for further development as an anti-malarial combination.
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Registered trials
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