ArticleBMJ (Clinical research ed.)2005
Bronchodilator treatment and deaths from asthma: case-control study.
Article in BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 124 citations in OpenAlex.
- The use of electronic alerts in primary care computer systems to identify the excessive prescription of short-acting betaNPJ primary care respiratory medicine · 2018Pooled it
- Beta-agonist overuse and delay in obtaining medical review in high risk asthma: a secondary analysis of data from a randomised controlled trial.NPJ primary care respiratory medicine · 2017Trial
- Fixed or adjustable maintenance-dose budesonide/formoterol compared with fixed maintenance-dose salmeterol/fluticasone propionate in asthma patients aged >or=16 years: post hoc analysis of a randomized, double-blind/open-label extension, parallel-group study.Clinical drug investigation · 2010Trial
- Practice pattern of aerosol drug therapy in ARDS patients: A secondary analysis of the Aero-in-ICU study.Journal of intensive medicine · 2025Article
- SABINA + Hong Kong: a territory wide study of prescribing trends and outcomes associated with the use of short-acting β2 agonists in the Chinese population.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2024Article
- Asthma and COPD: A Focus on β-Agonists - Past, Present and Future.Handbook of experimental pharmacology · 2024Review
- Predictors of excessive short-acting βPostepy dermatologii i alergologii · 2023Article
- Regular (up to 10 puffs 4-hourly) inhaled salbutamol should be prescribed at discharge after an asthma attack: myth or maxim?Breathe (Sheffield, England) · 2023Review
- DIS3L2 knockdown impairs key oncogenic properties of colorectal cancer cells via the mTOR signaling pathway.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2023Article
- Reducing short-acting beta-agonist overprescribing in asthma: lessons from a quality-improvement prescribing project in East London.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2022Article
- Risk of pneumonia in asthmatic children using inhaled corticosteroids: a nested case-control study in a birth cohort.BMJ open · 2022Article
- [Association between the use of short-acting bronchodilators and the risk of hospitalization for asthma in a real-life clinical practice population cohort].Atencion primaria · 2020Article
- How does race and ethnicity effect the precision treatment of asthma?Expert review of precision medicine and drug development · 2019Article
- A cross-sectional study of the identification of prevalent asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among initiators of long-acting β-agonists in health insurance claims data.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2014Article
- Pharmacogenetics: implications of race and ethnicity on defining genetic profiles for personalized medicine.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2014Review
- Active components of ginger potentiate β-agonist-induced relaxation of airway smooth muscle by modulating cytoskeletal regulatory proteins.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2014Article
- Beta2 adrenergic receptor (ADRβ2) haplotype pair (2/4) is associated with severe asthma.PloS one · 2014Article
- Pharmacogenetics and the development of personalized approaches for combination therapy in asthma.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2013Review
- 'The blue one takes a battering' why do young adults with asthma overuse bronchodilator inhalers? A qualitative study.BMJ open · 2013Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo investigate the association between bronchodilator treatment and death from asthma.
designCase-control study.
setting33 health authorities or health boards in Great Britain.
participants532 patients under age 65 who died from asthma and 532 controls with a hospital admission for asthma matched for period, age, and area.
main outcome measuresOdds ratios for deaths from asthma associated with prescription of bronchodilators and other treatment, with sensitivity analyses adjusting for age at onset, previous hospital admissions, associated chronic obstructive lung disease, and number of other drug categories.
resultsAfter full adjustment, there were no significant associations with drugs prescribed in the 4-12 months before the index date. For prescriptions in the 1-5 years before, mortality was positively associated with inhaled short acting beta2 agonists (odds ratio 2.05, 95% confidence interval 1.26 to 3.33) and inversely associated with antibiotics (0.59, 0.39 to 0.89). The former association seemed to be confined to those aged 45-64, and the association with antibiotics was more pronounced in those under 45. Significant age interactions across all periods suggested inverse associations with oral steroids confined to the under 45 age group. An inverse association with long acting beta2 agonists and a positive association with methylxanthines in the 1-5 year period were non-significant.
conclusionThere was no evidence of adverse effects on mortality with medium to long term use of inhaled long acting beta2 agonist drugs. The association with short acting beta(2) agonists has several explanations, only one of which may be a direct adverse effect.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.