ArticleJournal of virology2005
Roles of carboxyl-terminal and farnesylated residues in the functions of the large hepatitis delta antigen.
Article in Journal of virology, 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Structure and nucleic acid interactions of the SProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Hepatitis B virus entry, assembly, and egress.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2024Review
- Hepatitis C Virus as a Possible Helper Virus in Human Hepatitis Delta Virus Infection.Viruses · 2024Article
- Advances and Challenges in Managing Hepatitis D Virus: Evolving Strategies.Current hepatology reports · 2024Article
- Diagnosis of HDV: From virology to non-invasive markers of fibrosis.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2023Review
- Hepatitis D virus (HDV): investigational therapeutic agents in clinical trials.Expert opinion on investigational drugs · 2022Review
- Review article: emerging insights into the immunopathology, clinical and therapeutic aspects of hepatitis delta virus.Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2022Review
- Multiple Regions Drive Hepatitis Delta Virus Proliferation and Are Therapeutic Targets.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- HDV-Like Viruses.Viruses · 2021Review
- Identification of novel avian and mammalian deltaviruses provides new insights into deltavirus evolution.Virus evolution · 2021Article
- Hepatitis Delta Virus (HDV) and Delta-Like Agents: Insights Into Their Origin.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- Review
- Enveloped viruses distinct from HBV induce dissemination of hepatitis D virus in vivo.Nature communications · 2019Article
- HDV Can Constrain HBV Genetic Evolution in HBsAg: Implications for the Identification of Innovative Pharmacological Targets.Viruses · 2018Article
- Cellular Nuclear Export Factors TAP and Aly Are Required for HDAg-L-mediated Assembly of Hepatitis Delta Virus.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2016Article
- Hepatitis delta virus: insights into a peculiar pathogen and novel treatment options.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2016Review
- Clathrin-mediated post-Golgi membrane trafficking in the morphogenesis of hepatitis delta virus.Journal of virology · 2009Article
- Hepatitis delta antigen requires a minimum length of the hepatitis delta virus unbranched rod RNA structure for binding.Journal of virology · 2009Article
- Hepatitis B surface antigen levels and sequences of natural hepatitis B virus variants influence the assembly and secretion of hepatitis d virus.Journal of virology · 2008Article
- Genetic changes in hepatitis delta virus from acutely and chronically infected woodchucks.Journal of virology · 2006Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The large hepatitis delta antigen (HDAg-L) mediates hepatitis delta virus (HDV) assembly and inhibits HDV RNA replication. Farnesylation of the cysteine residue within the HDAg-L carboxyl terminus is required for both functions. Here, HDAg-L proteins from different HDV genotypes and genotype chimeric proteins were analyzed for their ability to incorporate into virus-like particles (VLPs). Observed differences in efficiency of VLP incorporation could be attributed to genotype-specific differences within the HDAg-L carboxyl terminus. Using a novel assay to quantify the extent of HDAg-L farnesylation, we found that genotype 3 HDAg-L was inefficiently farnesylated when expressed in the absence of the small hepatitis delta antigen (HDAg-S). However, as the intracellular ratio of HDAg-S to HDAg-L was increased, so too was the extent of HDAg-L farnesylation for all three genotypes. Single point mutations within the carboxyl terminus of HDAg-L were screened, and three mutants that severely inhibited assembly without affecting farnesylation were identified. The observed assembly defects persisted under conditions where the mutants were known to have access to the site of VLP assembly. Therefore, the corresponding residues within the wild-type protein are likely required for direct interaction with viral envelope proteins. Finally, it was observed that when HDAg-S was artificially myristoylated, it could efficiently inhibit HDV RNA replication. Hence, a general association with membranes enables HDAg to inhibit replication. In contrast, although myristoylated HDAg-S was incorporated into VLPs far more efficiently than HDAg-S or nonfarnesylated HDAg-L, it was incorporated far less efficiently than wild-type HDAg-L; thus, farnesylation was required for efficient assembly.
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Registered trials
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