ArticleThe British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners2004
The maldistribution of general practitioners in England and Wales: 1974-2003.
Article in The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.
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47 citing papers in PubMed.
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- Geographic inequalities in non-acute healthcare supply: evidence from Ireland.HRB open research · 2021Article
- Workforce crisis in primary healthcare worldwide: Hungarian example in a longitudinal follow-up study.BMJ open · 2019Article
- A profile of physiotherapy supply in Ireland.Irish journal of medical science · 2019Article
- Primary care in Germany: access and utilisation-a cross-sectional study with data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP).BMJ open · 2018Article
- General practitioners' perception of being a doctor in urban vs. rural regions in Germany - A focus group study.Family practice · 2018Article
- Geographic distribution indices of general practitioners, midwives, pediatricians, and gynecologists in the public sector of Iran.Electronic physician · 2017Article
- Regional variations of perceived problems in ambulatory care from the perspective of general practitioners and their patients - an exploratory focus group study in urban and rural regions of northern Germany.BMC family practice · 2017Article
- Examining sufficiency and equity in the geographic distribution of physicians in Japan: a longitudinal study.BMJ open · 2017Article
- Unequal socioeconomic distribution of the primary care workforce: whole-population small area longitudinal study.BMJ open · 2016Article
- General practice funding underpins the persistence of the inverse care law: cross-sectional study in Scotland.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2015Article
- The supply of general practitioners across local areas: accounting for spatial heterogeneity.BMC health services research · 2015Article
- The future of primary care? Reflections on the Primary Care Workforce Commission report.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2015Article
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe geographical distribution of general practitioners (GPs) is a persistent policy concern within the National Health Service. Maldistribution across family health service authorities in England and Wales fell between 1974 and the mid-1980s but then remained, at best, constant until the mid-1990s.
aimTo estimate levels of maldistribution over the period 1994-2003 and to examine the long-term trend in maldistribution from 1974-2003.
designAnnual snapshots from the GP census.
settingOne hundred 2001 'frozen' health authorities in England and Wales for 1994-2003 and 98 family health service authorities for 1974-1995.
methodRatios of GPs to raw and need-adjusted populations were calculated for each health authority for each year using four methods of need adjustment: age-related capitation payments, national age- and sex-specific consultation rates, national age- and sex-specific limiting long-term illness rates, and health authority-specific mortality. Three summary measures of maldistribution across health authorities in the GP to population ratio--the decile ratio, the Gini coefficient, and the Atkinson index--were calculated for each year.
resultsMaldistribution of GPs as measured by the Gini coefficient and Atkinson index increased from the mid-1980s to 2003, but the decile ratio showed little change over the entire 1974-2003 period. Unrestricted GP principals and equivalents were more equitably distributed than other types of GP.
conclusionThe 20% increase in the number of unrestricted GPs between 1985 and 2003 did not lead to a more equal distribution.
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15588532PMC1326105What OpenQuestion holds
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