ArticleJournal of clinical microbiology2004
Trends in antimicrobial resistance in 1,968 invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae strains isolated in Spanish hospitals (2001 to 2003): decreasing penicillin resistance in children's isolates.
Article in Journal of clinical microbiology, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- What are the missing pieces needed to stop antibiotic resistance?Microbial biotechnology · 2023Review
- Prescription of Levofloxacin and Moxifloxacin in Select Hospitals in Uganda: A Pilot Study to Assess Guideline Concordance.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Penicillin susceptibility breakpoints for Streptococcus pneumoniae and their effect on susceptibility categorisation in Germany (1997-2013).European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2014Article
- Epidemiologic impact of blood culture practices and antibiotic consumption on pneumococcal bacteraemia in children.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2008Article
- Risk factors for development of multiple-class resistance to Streptococcus pneumoniae Strains in Belgium over a 10-year period: antimicrobial consumption, population density, and geographic location.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2007Article
- Reduction in pediatric invasive pneumococcal disease in the Basque Country and Navarre, Spain, after introduction of the heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2007Article
- Impact of amoxicillin, associated or not with clavulanic acid, on pharyngeal colonization and selection of Streptococcus pneumoniae resistance in children under 5 years of age.European journal of pediatrics · 2007Article
- Phenotypic and molecular analysis of penicillin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Poland.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2007Article
- Prospective assessment of fluoroquinolone use in a teaching hospital.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2006Article
- Antimicrobial susceptibility of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Portugal over an 11-year period.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2006Article
- Carbohydrate moieties as vaccine candidates.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2005Review
- Antimicrobial resistance determinants and future control.Emerging infectious diseases · 2005Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
To address the public health problem of antibiotic resistance, the European Union (EU) founded the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System. A network of 40 hospitals that serve approximately 30% of the Spanish population (about 12 million) participated. Each laboratory reported data on antimicrobial susceptibility testing using standard laboratory procedures that were evaluated by an external quality control program. The antibiotic consumption data were obtained from the National Health System. We compared the antibiotic susceptibility of Spanish isolates of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae (2001 to 2003) with antibiotic consumption. Invasive S. pneumoniae was isolated from 1,968 patients, 20% of whom were children at or below the age of 14 years. Of non-penicillin-susceptible strains (35.6%; 95% confidence interval, 34 to 37.2), 26.4% were considered intermediate and 9.2% were considered resistant. Between 2001 and 2003, penicillin resistance decreased from 39.5 to 33% overall and from 60.4 to 41.2% in children at or below the age of 14 years (P = 0.002). Resistance to erythromycin was at 26.6%, and coresistance with penicillin was at 19.1%. Of total isolates, the ciprofloxacin MIC was >2 mug/ml for 2.1%, with numbers increasing from 0.4% (2001) to 3.9% (2003). Total antibiotic use decreased from 21.66 to 19.71 defined daily doses/1,000 inhabitants/day between 1998 and 2002. While consumption of broad-spectrum penicillins, cephalosporins, and erythromycin declined, use of amoxicillin-clavulanate and quinolones increased by 17.5 and 27%, respectively. The frequency of antibiotic resistance in invasive S. pneumoniae in Spain was among the highest in the EU. However, a significant decrease in penicillin resistance was observed in children. This decrease coincided with the introduction of a heptavalent conjugate pneumoccocal vaccine (June 2001) and with a global reduction in antibiotic consumption levels.
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