ArticleApplied and environmental microbiology2004
Cyclo(L-leucyl-L-prolyl) produced by Achromobacter xylosoxidans inhibits aflatoxin production by Aspergillus parasiticus.
Article in Applied and environmental microbiology, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 68 papers.
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Who cites it
68 citing papers in PubMed, 178 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Insights into the Bioactivities and Mechanism of Action of the Microbial Diketopiperazine Cyclic Dipeptide Cyclo(L-leucyl-L-prolyl).Marine drugs · 2025Review
- Screening of Basidiomycete Strains Capable of Synthesizing Antibacterial and Antifungal Metabolites.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
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- Investigation of Antimicrobial Compounds Produced by Endolichenic Fungi in Different Culture Media.The plant pathology journal · 2024Article
- Inhibition of Aflatoxin Production inToxins · 2024Article
- Antimicrobial Cyclic Dipeptides from Japanese Quail (Journal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2024Article
- Antifungal peptides from living organisms.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Review
- Identification of isomeric cyclo(leu-pro) produced byFrontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Detoxication of Citrinin with Kojic Acid by the Formation of the Citrinin-Kojic Acid Adduct, and the Enhancement of Kojic Acid Production by Citrinin via Oxidative Stress in Aspergillus parasiticusJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Inhibition of Aflatoxin Production by Citrinin and Non-Enzymatic Formation of a Novel Citrinin-Kojic Acid Adduct.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Aflatoxins are potent carcinogenic and toxic substances that are produced primarily by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. We found that a bacterium remarkably inhibited production of norsolorinic acid, a precursor of aflatoxin, by A. parasiticus. This bacterium was identified as Achromobacter xylosoxidans based on its 16S ribosomal DNA sequence and was designated A. xylosoxidans NFRI-A1. A. xylosoxidans strains commonly showed similar inhibition. The inhibitory substance(s) was excreted into the medium and was stable after heat, acid, or alkaline treatment. Although the bacterium appeared to produce several inhibitory substances, we finally succeeded in purifying a major inhibitory substance from the culture medium using Diaion HP20 column chromatography, thin-layer chromatography, and high-performance liquid chromatography. The purified inhibitory substance was identified as cyclo(L-leucyl-L-prolyl) based on physicochemical methods. The 50% inhibitory concentration for aflatoxin production by A. parasiticus SYS-4 (= NRRL2999) was 0.20 mg ml(-1), as determined by the tip culture method. High concentrations (more than 6.0 mg ml(-1)) of cyclo(L-leucyl-L-prolyl) further inhibited fungal growth. Similar inhibitory activities were observed with cyclo(D-leucyl-D-prolyl) and cyclo(L-valyl-L-prolyl), whereas cyclo(D-prolyl-L-leucyl) and cyclo(L-prolyl-D-leucyl) showed weaker activities. Reverse transcription-PCR analyses showed that cyclo(L-leucyl-L-prolyl) repressed transcription of the aflatoxin-related genes aflR, hexB, pksL1, and dmtA. This is the first report of a cyclodipeptide that affects aflatoxin production.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.