ArticleThe Journal of general physiology2004
Y3+ block demonstrates an intracellular activation gate for the alpha1G T-type Ca2+ channel.
Article in The Journal of general physiology, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- CaChannels (Austin, Tex.) · 2020Review
- Lanthanides Report Calcium Sensor in the Vestibule of Ryanodine Receptor.Biophysical journal · 2017Article
- Contrasting the roles of the I-II loop gating brake in CaV3.1 and CaV3.3 calcium channels.Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology · 2015Article
- Models of calcium permeation through T-type channels.Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology · 2014Review
- Complex modulation of Ca(v)3.1 T-type calcium channel by nickel.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2013Article
- Fe²⁺ block and permeation of CaV3.1 (α1G) T-type calcium channels: candidate mechanism for non-transferrin-mediated Fe²⁺ influx.Molecular pharmacology · 2012Article
- Simulations of calcium channel block by trivalent cations: Gd(3+) competes with permeant ions for the selectivity filter.Biochimica et biophysica acta · 2010Article
- Article
- Evaluation of a two-site, three-barrier model for permeation in Ca(V)3.1 (alpha1G) T-type calcium channels: Ca (2+), Ba (2+), Mg (2+), and Na (+).The Journal of membrane biology · 2010Article
- Structural determinants of the high affinity extracellular zinc binding site on Cav3.2 T-type calcium channels.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2010Article
- Permeation and gating in CaV3.1 (alpha1G) T-type calcium channels effects of Ca2+, Ba2+, Mg2+, and Na+.The Journal of general physiology · 2008Article
- Ni2+ block of CaV3.1 (alpha1G) T-type calcium channels.The Journal of general physiology · 2008Article
- Block of CaV1.2 channels by Gd3+ reveals preopening transitions in the selectivity filter.The Journal of general physiology · 2007Article
- Ca2+-dependent inactivation of CaV1.2 channels prevents Gd3+ block: does Ca2+ block the pore of inactivated channels?The Journal of general physiology · 2007Article
- Localization of the activation gate of a voltage-gated Ca2+ channel.The Journal of general physiology · 2005Article
- Contrasting effects of Cd2+ and Co2+ on the blocking/unblocking of human Cav3 channels.The Journal of membrane biology · 2005Article
- Ion trafficking through T-type Ca2+ channels: a way to look at channel gating position.The Journal of general physiology · 2004Article
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3 authors.
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Abstract
Classical electrophysiology and contemporary crystallography suggest that the activation gate of voltage-dependent channels is on the intracellular side, but a more extracellular "pore gate" has also been proposed. We have used the voltage dependence of block by extracellular Y(3+) as a tool to locate the activation gate of the alpha1G (Ca(V)3.1) T-type calcium channel. Y(3+) block exhibited no clear voltage dependence from -40 to +40 mV (50% block at 25 nM), but block was relieved rapidly by stronger depolarization. Reblock of the open channel, reflected in accelerated tail currents, was fast and concentration dependent. Closed channels were also blocked by Y(3+) at a concentration-dependent rate, only eightfold slower than open-channel block. When extracellular Ca(2+) was replaced with Ba(2+), the rate of open block by Y(3+) was unaffected, but closed block was threefold faster than in Ca(2+), suggesting the slower closed-block rate reflects ion-ion interactions in the pore rather than an extracellularly located gate. Since an extracellular blocker can rapidly enter the closed pore, the primary activation gate must be on the intracellular side of the selectivity filter.
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