Evidence map›Paper›PMID 15571887›Full record

ArticleSocial science & medicine (1982)2005

Factors associated with forced sex among women accessing health services in rural Haiti: implications for the prevention of HIV infection and other sexually transmitted diseases.

M C Smith Fawzi, W Lambert, J M Singler, Y Tanagho, F Léandre, P Nevil, D Bertrand, M S Claude, J Bertrand, M Louissaint and 5 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Social science & medicine (1982), 2005. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
9.3field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 66 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Intimate partner and nonpartner violence against pregnant women in rural Haiti.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2008
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Sex, money, and premarital partnerships in southern Malawi.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2007
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Reducing health disparities through culturally sensitive treatment for HIV+ adults in Haiti.The ABNF journal : official journal of the Association of Black Nursing Faculty in Higher Education, Inc
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

M C Smith FawziProgram in Infectious Disease and Social Change, Department of Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, 641 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA. mksfawzi@msn.com
W Lambert
J M Singler
Y Tanagho
F Léandre
P Nevil
D Bertrand
M S Claude
J Bertrand
M Louissaint
L Jeannis
J S Mukherjee
S Goldie
J J Salazar
P E Farmer
Partners In Health · USHarvard University · USSocial Change and Development · IN

Funding

TUBERCULOSIS INTERNATIONAL TRAINING AND RESEARCH PROGRAMD43TW000018 · FIC · WEILL MEDICAL COLL OF CORNELL UNIV · PI JOHNSON, WARREN DOUGLAS · 1988 to 2012
$16.1M
FIC NIH HHS D43 TW000018FIC NIH HHS D43-TW00018
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The goals of the current study were to: (1) estimate the prevalence of forced sex among women accessing services at a women's health clinic in rural Haiti; and (2) examine factors associated with forced sex in this population. Based on data from a case-control study of risk factors for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), a cross-sectional analysis to examine factors associated with forced sex was performed. A number of factors related to gender inequality/socioeconomic vulnerability placed women in rural Haiti at higher risk of forced sex. The strongest factors associated with forced sex in multivariate analyses were: age, length of time in a relationship, occupation of the woman's partner, STD-related symptoms, and factors demonstrating economic vulnerability. The findings suggest that prevention efforts must go beyond provision of information and education to the pursuit of broader initiatives at both local and national levels. At the community level, policy-makers should consider advancing economic opportunities for women who are vulnerable to forced sex. Improving access to community-based income-generating activities may begin to address this problem. However, the viability of these local projects depends largely upon Haiti's 'macro-economic' situation. In order to ensure the success of local initiatives, external humanitarian and development assistance to Haiti should be supported. By broadening the definition of "prevention" interventions, we may begin to address the systemic problems that contribute to the occurrence of forced sex and the increasing incidence of HIV infection throughout the world, such as gender inequality and economic vulnerability. Taking into account factors influencing risk at the local level as well as the macro-level will potentially improve our capacity to reduce the risk of forced sex and the spread of STDs, including HIV infection, for millions of women living in poverty worldwide.

Indexed as

Rural Health ServicesRural PopulationAdultAge FactorsCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHaitiHumansMaleMultivariate AnalysisOccupationsRapeSexually Transmitted DiseasesSexual PartnersSocioeconomic Factors

Identifiers

PMID15571887
PMCPMC3407680
OpenAlexW2004406500

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.