ArticleTobacco control2004
Genetically decreased CYP2A6 and the risk of tobacco dependence: a prospective study of novice smokers.
Article in Tobacco control, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 122 citations in OpenAlex.
- Known and novel sources of variability in the nicotine metabolite ratio in a large sample of treatment-seeking smokers.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2014Trial
- Impact of CYP2A6 genotype on pretreatment smoking behaviour and nicotine levels from and usage of nicotine replacement therapy.Molecular psychiatry · 2006Trial
- Nicotine metabolites generate craniofacial defects that are worsened by ethanol exposure.PNAS nexus · 2026Article
- Genetic influences impacting nicotine use and abuse during adolescence: Insights from human and rodent studies.Brain research bulletin · 2022Review
- Functional characterization of novel rare CYP2A6 variants and potential implications for clinical outcomes.Clinical and translational science · 2022Article
- Transferability of Ancestry-Specific and Cross-Ancestry CYP2A6 Activity Genetic Risk Scores in African and European Populations.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2021Article
- Evaluation of a weighted genetic risk score for the prediction of biomarkers of CYP2A6 activity.Addiction biology · 2020Article
- Nicotine metabolite ratio predicts smoking topography: The Pennsylvania Adult Smoking Study.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2018Article
- Association of Time to First Morning Cigarette and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Measured by Spirometry in Current Smokers.Korean journal of family medicine · 2018Article
- Functional Neurocircuits and Neuroimaging Biomarkers of Tobacco Use Disorder.Trends in molecular medicine · 2018Review
- CYP2A6 metabolism in the development of smoking behaviors in young adults.Addiction biology · 2018Article
- Nicotine Metabolite Ratio (NMR) Prospectively Predicts Smoking Relapse: Longitudinal Findings From ITC Surveys in Five Countries.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2017Article
- Interaction between cytochrome P450 2A6 and Catechol-O-Methyltransferase genes and their association with smoking risk in young men.Behavioral and brain functions : BBF · 2017Article
- CYP2A6 Genetic Variation Alters Striatal-Cingulate Circuits, Network Hubs, and Executive Processing in Smokers.Biological psychiatry · 2017Article
- Distribution of polymorphic variants of CYP2A6 and their involvement in nicotine addiction.EXCLI journal · 2017Review
- CYP2A6 Effects on Subjective Reactions to Initial Smoking Attempt.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2016Article
- CYP2A6 Longitudinal Effects in Young Smokers.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2016Article
- Variation in CYP2A6 and tobacco dependence throughout adolescence and in young adult smokers.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2016Article
- Cohort Profile: The Nicotine Dependence in Teens (NDIT) Study.International journal of epidemiology · 2015Article
- Finding genomic function for genetic associations in nicotine addiction research: the ENCODE project's role in future pharmacogenomic analysis.Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveCase control studies in adults suggest that defective alleles in the gene that codes for the hepatic cytochrome P450 2A6 (CYP2A6) protect against nicotine dependence (ND) and higher levels of cigarette consumption. These two hypotheses were tested in young adolescents.
designSelf reports of tobacco use and ND symptoms were collected every 3-4 months in a prospective study of 1293 grade 7 students from a convenience sample of 10 schools. SUBJECTS: 281 smokers with genetic data were analysed; those who were not already tobacco dependent and who had inhaled (n = 228) were followed 29.9 months on average, until they became dependent or were censored.
main outcome measuresThe association between metabolic activity, represented by CYP2A6 genotype, and conversion to dependence was analysed using Cox's proportional hazards model.
resultsDuring follow up 67 subjects (29.4%) became dependent. Relative to CYP2A6*1/*1, having 1-2 copies of the inactive CYP2A6*2 or *4 variant was a strong risk factor for developing dependence (hazard ratio 2.8, 95% confidence 1.3 to 6.3). Subjects with 1-2 partially inactive CYP2A6*9 or *12 variants were not at increased risk. Mean past-week cigarette consumption at the end of follow up (controlling for age, sex, and number of months since first inhalation) among dependent subjects was 29.1 among normal inactivators, compared to 17.2, and 12.7 among slower (1-2 copies of *9 or *12), and slowest (1-2 copies of *2 or *4) inactivators, respectively (p = 0.09).
conclusionAdolescents with 1-2 copies of CYP2A6*2 or *4 are at substantially increased risk of becoming dependent but smoke less once dependent. Genetic risk for ND may need to be considered in the conceptualisation of tobacco control programmes for adolescents.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.