ReviewNeuroscience2004
Potassium buffering in the central nervous system.
Review in Neuroscience, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 421 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
421 citing papers in PubMed, 827 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Astrocyte redox imbalance underlies prelimbic neuronal hypoactivity and maladaptive affective behaviors in epilepsy.Science advances · 2026Article
- Genetic interrogation reveals mechanisms regulating nexus glia development and shaping heart physiology.Developmental cell · 2026Article
- Ionic Homeostasis Failure in Major Depressive Disorder: Ion Channel Mechanisms, Excitation-Inhibition Imbalance, and Precision Therapeutics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Kv2.1/Kv8.2 Channels Regulate Fluid Homeostasis in the Outer Retina.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Role Shift of Glial Cells from Physiology to Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease: The Regulatory Impact of Exercise.Neuroscience bulletin · 2026Review
- Correlation between DNA methylation and transcriptomic changes in golden Asian sea bass (Lates calcarifer): An integrated approach.Journal of fish biology · 2026Article
- Eyedrop Administration of DPP-4 Inhibitors: A New Strategy for Treating Early Stages of Diabetic Retinal Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The axon initial segment-associated microglia regulate neuronal activity and visual perception.Cell research · 2026Article
- Serendipitous compound action potential oscillations reveal glycolytic astrocyte and oxidative axon interstitial KExperimental physiology · 2026Article
- Gender-Associated Differences in the Regulation of Potassium Channels in Astrocytes of Type 2 Diabetic Mice.Cells · 2026Article
- Excitation-inhibition homeostasis in Alzheimer's disease: a selective multiscale review of mechanisms, sex differences, and therapeutic opportunities.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Ethnopharmacological relevance of Chinese medicinal materials and natural products in epilepsy: a critical multi-target review integrating neurons, glia and inflammatory signaling.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- The spatial architecture of neuroimmune interactions in epilepsy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Beyond synapses non-synaptic neural microenvironment interactions remodel circuits and drive glioma progression.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- The Impact of Aquaporin-4 Deletion on KGlia · 2026Article
- Article
- Astrocytes at the interface of peri-ictal breathing dysfunction and SUDEP.Frontiers in network physiology · 2026Review
- Stress induces oxytocin-Gαi-dependent remodeling of astrocytes to shape neuronal response in the amygdala.Nature communications · 2025Article
361 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Rapid changes in extracellular K+ concentration ([K+](o)) in the mammalian CNS are counteracted by simple passive diffusion as well as by cellular mechanisms of K+ clearance. Buffering of [K+](o) can occur via glial or neuronal uptake of K+ ions through transporters or K+-selective channels. The best studied mechanism for [K+](o) buffering in the brain is called K+ spatial buffering, wherein the glial syncytium disperses local extracellular K+ increases by transferring K+ ions from sites of elevated [K+](o) to those with lower [K+](o). In recent years, K+ spatial buffering has been implicated or directly demonstrated by a variety of experimental approaches including electrophysiological and optical methods. A specialized form of spatial buffering named K+ siphoning takes place in the vertebrate retina, where glial Muller cells express inwardly rectifying K+ channels (Kir channels) positioned in the membrane domains near to the vitreous humor and blood vessels. This highly compartmentalized distribution of Kir channels in retinal glia directs K+ ions from the synaptic layers to the vitreous humor and blood vessels. Here, we review the principal mechanisms of [K+](o) buffering in the CNS and recent molecular studies on the structure and functions of glial Kir channels. We also discuss intriguing new data that suggest a close physical and functional relationship between Kir and water channels in glial cells.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.