ArticleInfection and immunity2004
The Mycoplasma-derived macrophage-activating 2-kilodalton lipopeptide triggers global immune activation on nasal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Immune and Oxidative Response against Sonicated Antigen ofMicroorganisms · 2022Article
- Needle-Free Immunization with Chitosan-Based Systems.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Review
- Beneficial effects of TLR-2/6 ligation in pulmonary bacterial infection and immunization with Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Inflammation · 2010Article
- The toll-like receptor 2/6 ligand MALP-2 reduces the viability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in murine macrophages.The open microbiology journal · 2009Article
- A triacylated lipoprotein from Mycoplasma genitalium activates NF-kappaB through Toll-like receptor 1 (TLR1) and TLR2.Infection and immunity · 2008Article
- Triacylated lipoproteins derived from Mycoplasma pneumoniae activate nuclear factor-kappaB through toll-like receptors 1 and 2.Immunology · 2007Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A better knowledge on how immune responses are initiated in mucosal tissues would facilitate the design of new mucosal vaccines, as well as improve our understanding on host defense against infection. We investigated the mechanisms of adjuvanticity of the Mycoplasma-derived macrophage-activating 2-kDa lipopeptide (MALP-2), which binds to the heterodimer formed by the Toll-like receptors 2 and 6 (TLR2 and -6), at the level of the murine nasal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues (NALT). TLR2 expression analysis demonstrated that several cell types from the nasal cavity were able to overexpress this receptor, either constitutively (such as B cells) or after stimulation (i.e., T cells). MALP-2 stimulated a strong B-cell activation. In addition, the antigen presentation capacity of dendritic cells was improved after in vivo loading with antigen in the presence of MALP-2. We also observed an up-regulated expression of activation markers and adhesion molecules on T cells, suggesting that they have enhanced responsiveness and interaction potential. Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR analysis showed that MALP-2 administration resulted in the stimulation of a proinflammatory cascade. We observed an early up-regulated expression of IP-10, MCP-1, MCP-3, MIP-1alpha, MIP-2, and CCR-2 which was reversed within 36 h. The obtained results demonstrated that MALP-2 creates a reversible local microenvironment which promotes effective priming of T and B cells in the NALT.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.