ArticleCMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne2004
Tips for learners of evidence-based medicine: 3. Measures of observer variability (kappa statistic).
Article in CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 155 papers, 33 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
155 citing papers in PubMed, 33 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Comparison of non-invasive strategies to drive fluid resuscitation in sepsis or septic shock: a meta-analysis of RCTs.Internal and emergency medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Enhancing bleeding reporting in acute coronary syndrome clinical trials: a systematic review of the ABC guidelines adherence.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Pooled it
- Unveiling the link: highly porous tantalum-augmented implants and periprosthetic joint infection in revision total knee arthroplasty-a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2025Pooled it
- Methods of diagnosis and rehabilitation of dysphagia in patients with spinal cord injury: a systematic review.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Atorvastatin before percutaneous coronary intervention: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- Benefits and harms of fibrate therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Endocrine · 2023 · on this mapPooled it
- Fear of reinjury following primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a systematic review.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2023Pooled it
- The differences of serum lipid profiles between primary aldosteronism and essential hypertension: a meta-analysis and systematic review.BMC endocrine disorders · 2022Pooled it
- An increased posterior tibial slope is associated with a higher risk of graft failure following ACL reconstruction: a systematic review.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2022Pooled it
- Serum Malondialdehyde Levels in Hypertensive Patients: A Non-invasive Marker of Oxidative Stress. A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.High blood pressure & cardiovascular prevention : the official journal of the Italian Society of Hypertension · 2022Pooled it
- Does current evidence on disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs for psoriatic arthritis reinforce an effect on radiographic progression? Results from a systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical rheumatology · 2021Pooled it
- Association between D-Dimer levels and mortality in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a systematic review and pooled analysis.Journal de medecine vasculaire · 2020Pooled it
- Clinical efficacy of platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of lateral epicondylitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled clinical trials.Clinical rheumatology · 2020Pooled it
- Systematic review of the tools of oral and dental health literacy: assessment of conceptual dimensions and psychometric properties.BMC oral health · 2020Pooled it
- Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors and microvascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2020Pooled it
- Updated meta-analysis on prevention of venous thromboembolism in ambulatory cancer patients.Haematologica · 2020Pooled it
- Changes in Time of Gastric Emptying After Surgical and Endoscopic Bariatrics and Weight Loss: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association · 2020Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Pilot randomized controlled trials in the orthopaedic surgery literature: a systematic review.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2018Pooled it
- Estrogen-based hormone therapy in women with primary ovarian insufficiency: a systematic review.Endocrine · 2017Pooled it
95 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on byKappa statistic.2005
- Commented on byKappa statistic.2005
- Commented on byKappa statistic.2005
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.