ArticleJournal of virology2004
Hepatitis delta virus antigen is methylated at arginine residues, and methylation regulates subcellular localization and RNA replication.
Article in Journal of virology, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 92 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Comprehensive Analysis of Mutations in the Hepatitis Delta Virus Genome Based on Full-Length Sequencing in Individuals Infected with Genotype 3 in Brazil.Archives of virology · 2026Article
- Structure and nucleic acid interactions of the SProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Comparative analysis of human, rodent and snake deltavirus replication.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Review
- Diagnosis of HDV: From virology to non-invasive markers of fibrosis.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2023Review
- PRMT5 Facilitates Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Replication through Arginine Methylation of VP1.Journal of virology · 2023Article
- Protein arginine methylation in viral infection and antiviral immunity.International journal of biological sciences · 2023Review
- Hepatitis D virus (HDV): investigational therapeutic agents in clinical trials.Expert opinion on investigational drugs · 2022Review
- Multiple Regions Drive Hepatitis Delta Virus Proliferation and Are Therapeutic Targets.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- Protein arginine methylation: from enigmatic functions to therapeutic targeting.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2021Review
- Article
- Hepatitis Delta Virus histone mimicry drives the recruitment of chromatin remodelers for viral RNA replication.Nature communications · 2020Article
- Chronic hepatitis delta: A state-of-the-art review and new therapies.World journal of gastroenterology · 2019Review
- Hepatitis D infection: from initial discovery to current investigational therapies.Gastroenterology report · 2019Article
- Novel hepatitis D-like agents in vertebrates and invertebrates.Virus evolution · 2019Article
- Insight into the Contribution and Disruption of Host Processes during HDV Replication.Viruses · 2018Review
- Hepatitis delta: virological and clinical aspects.Virology journal · 2017Review
- Structural and nucleic acid binding properties of hepatitis delta virus small antigen.World journal of virology · 2017Article
- Hepatitis viruses exploitation of host DNA methyltransferases functions.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) contains a circular RNA which encodes a single protein, hepatitis delta antigen (HDAg). HDAg exists in two forms, a small form (S-HDAg) and a large form (L-HDAg). S-HDAg can transactivate HDV RNA replication. Recent studies have shown that posttranslational modifications, such as phosphorylation and acetylation, of S-HDAg can modulate HDV RNA replication. Here we show that S-HDAg can be methylated by protein arginine methyltransferase (PRMT1) in vitro and in vivo. The major methylation site is at arginine-13 (R13), which is in the RGGR motif of an RNA-binding domain. The methylation of S-HDAg is essential for HDV RNA replication, especially for replication of the antigenomic RNA strand to form the genomic RNA strand. An R13A mutation in S-HDAg inhibited HDV RNA replication. The presence of a methylation inhibitor, S-adenosyl-homocysteine, also inhibited HDV RNA replication. We further found that the methylation of S-HDAg affected its subcellular localization. Methylation-defective HDAg lost the ability to form a speckled structure in the nucleus and also permeated into the cytoplasm. These results thus revealed a novel posttranslational modification of HDAg and indicated its importance for HDV RNA replication. This and other results further showed that, unlike replication of the HDV genomic RNA strand, replication of the antigenomic RNA strand requires multiple types of posttranslational modification, including the phosphorylation and methylation of HDAg.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.