Evidence map›Paper›PMID 15538538›Full record

ArticlePLoS biology2004

Convergent evolution of chromosomal sex-determining regions in the animal and fungal kingdoms.

James A Fraser, Stephanie Diezmann, Ryan L Subaran, Andria Allen, Klaus B Lengeler, Fred S Dietrich, Joseph Heitman

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PLoS biology, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 133 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
133citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

133 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Domestication drives repeated evolution of sexual-asexual life cycle trade-offs in yeast.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Tracing the evolution and genomic dynamics of mating-type loci inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Frequent transitions in mating-type locus chromosomal organization inProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023
    Article
  16. Frequent transitions in mating-type locus chromosomal organization inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023
    Article
  17. On the evolution of variation in sexual reproduction through the prism of eukaryotic microbes.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023
    Review
  18. Article
  19. Lessons learned: from mentored to mentor.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2023
    Article
  20. Article

73 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

James A FraserDepartment of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Stephanie Diezmann
Ryan L Subaran
Andria Allen
Klaus B Lengeler
Fred S Dietrich
Joseph Heitman

Funding

Structure, function, and evolution of the Cryptococcus MAT locusR01AI050113 · NIAID · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI HEITMAN, JOSEPH · 2002 to 2024
$8.5M
GENOME ANALYSIS OF CRYPTOCOCCUS NEOFORMANSU01AI048594 · NIAID · INSTITUTE FOR GENOMIC RESEARCH · PI FRASER-LIGGETT, CLAIRE M · 2001 to 2002
$2.9M
AN AIDS-RELATED CRYPTOCOCCUS NEOFORMANS GENOME CENTERU01AI047087 · NIAID · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI DAVIS, RONALD WAYNE · 2000 to 2002
$2.6M
NIAID NIH HHS AI47087NIAID NIH HHS AI50113NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI050113NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI48594
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Sexual identity is governed by sex chromosomes in plants and animals, and by mating type (MAT) loci in fungi. Comparative analysis of the MAT locus from a species cluster of the human fungal pathogen Cryptococcus revealed sequential evolutionary events that fashioned this large, highly unusual region. We hypothesize that MAT evolved via four main steps, beginning with acquisition of genes into two unlinked sex-determining regions, forming independent gene clusters that then fused via chromosomal translocation. A transitional tripolar intermediate state then converted to a bipolar system via gene conversion or recombination between the linked and unlinked sex-determining regions. MAT was subsequently subjected to intra- and interallelic gene conversion and inversions that suppress recombination. These events resemble those that shaped mammalian sex chromosomes, illustrating convergent evolution in sex-determining structures in the animal and fungal kingdoms.

Indexed as

ChromosomesChromosomes, FungalGenes, Mating Type, FungalSex Determination ProcessesAllelesAnimalsBiodiversityChromosomes, Artificial, BacterialCryptococcusCryptococcus neoformansEvolution, MolecularFungiGene ConversionGene LibraryGenomeGenome, Fungal

Identifiers

PMID15538538
PMCPMC526376

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.