ArticleNature immunology2004
An evolutionarily conserved target motif for immunoglobulin class-switch recombination.
Article in Nature immunology, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 94 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
94 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Evolutionary Comparative Analyses of DNA-Editing Enzymes of the Immune System: From 5-Dimensional Description of Protein Structures to Immunological Insights and Applications to Protein Engineering.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Pooled it
- A dynamic RNA hub facilitates activation-induced cytidine deaminase recruitment to the immunoglobulin heavy-chain locus.Molecular cell · 2026Article
- DIS3 mutations enhance AID-driven translocations during B-cell activation, promoting transformation to multiple myeloma.Nature communications · 2026Article
- A dynamic RNA hub facilitates activation induced cytidine deaminase recruitment to the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Phase separation as an emerging regulatory framework in antibody class switching and genome stability.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Possible role of human ribonuclease dicer in the regulation of R loops.FEBS open bio · 2025Review
- Cold-blooded vertebrates evolved organized germinal center-like structures.Science immunology · 2023Article
- Mechanism and regulation of secondary immunoglobulin diversification.Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) · 2023Review
- 450 million years in the making: mapping the evolutionary foundations of germinal centers.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Switch Tandem Repeats Influence the Choice of the Alternative End-Joining Pathway in Immunoglobulin Class Switch Recombination.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Review
- Article
- DNA-PKcs phosphorylation at the T2609 cluster alters the repair pathway choice during immunoglobulin class switch recombination.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
- ATR Protects the Genome against R Loops through a MUS81-Triggered Feedback Loop.Molecular cell · 2020Article
- R-loops: formation, function, and relevance to cell stress.Cell stress · 2019Review
- Kinase-dependent structural role of DNA-PKcs during immunoglobulin class switch recombination.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2018Article
- JMolecular immunology · 2018Article
- Frog's DCs have it all in one.European journal of immunology · 2018Article
- "Double-duty" conventional dendritic cells in the amphibian Xenopus as the prototype for antigen presentation to B cells.European journal of immunology · 2018Article
- A transcriptional serenAID: the role of noncoding RNAs in class switch recombination.International immunology · 2017Review
34 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Immunoglobulin H class-switch recombination (CSR) occurs between switch regions and requires transcription and activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID). Transcription through mammalian switch regions, because of their GC-rich composition, generates stable R-loops, which provide single-stranded DNA substrates for AID. However, we show here that the Xenopus laevis switch region S(mu), which is rich in AT and not prone to form R-loops, can functionally replace a mouse switch region to mediate CSR in vivo. X. laevis S(mu)-mediated CSR occurred mostly in a region of AGCT repeats targeted by the AID-replication protein A complex when transcribed in vitro. We propose that AGCT is a primordial CSR motif that targets AID through a non-R-loop mechanism involving an AID-replication protein A complex.
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15531884What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.