ArticleJournal of virology2004
Novel origin of the 1918 pandemic influenza virus nucleoprotein gene.
Article in Journal of virology, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 120 citations in OpenAlex.
- An ancient influenza genome from Switzerland allows deeper insights into host adaptation during the 1918 flu pandemic in Europe.BMC biology · 2025Article
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- Microorganisms as Shapers of Human Civilization, from Pandemics to Even Our Genomes: Villains or Friends? A Historical Approach.Microorganisms · 2021Review
- Ancestral sequence reconstruction pinpoints adaptations that enable avian influenza virus transmission in pigs.Nature microbiology · 2021Article
- SARS-CoV-2 biology and variants: anticipation of viral evolution and what needs to be done.Environmental microbiology · 2021Article
- Differential disease severity and whole-genome sequence analysis for human influenza A/H1N1pdm virus in 2015-2016 influenza season.Virus evolution · 2021Article
- The 1918 Influenza Pandemic and Its Legacy.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2020Review
- The Impact of COVID-19 on the Insurance Industry.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- The matrix segment of the "Spanish flu" virus originated from intragenic recombination between avian and human influenza A viruses.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2019Article
- Deep sequencing of 2009 influenza A/H1N1 virus isolated from volunteer human challenge study participants and natural infections.Virology · 2019Article
- The 1918 influenza pandemic: 100 years of questions answered and unanswered.Science translational medicine · 2019Review
- Article
- Challenges of influenza A viruses in humans and animals and current animal vaccines as an effective control measure.Clinical and experimental vaccine research · 2018Review
- Back to the Future: Lessons Learned From the 1918 Influenza Pandemic.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2018Review
- The 1918 Influenza Virus PB2 Protein Enhances Virulence through the Disruption of Inflammatory and Wnt-Mediated Signaling in Mice.Journal of virology · 2015Article
- Characterization of the noncoding regions of the 1918 influenza A H1N1 virus.Journal of virology · 2014Article
- RNA structural constraints in the evolution of the influenza A virus genome NP segment.RNA biology · 2014Article
- Identification and chronological analysis of genomic signatures in influenza A viruses.PloS one · 2014Article
- High-throughput RNA sequencing of a formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded autopsy lung tissue sample from the 1918 influenza pandemic.The Journal of pathology · 2013Article
- Spread of influenza virus A (H5N1) clade 2.3.2.1 to Bulgaria in common buzzards.Emerging infectious diseases · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The nucleoprotein (NP) gene of the 1918 pandemic influenza A virus has been amplified and sequenced from archival material. The NP gene is known to be involved in many aspects of viral function and to interact with host proteins, thereby playing a role in host specificity. The 1918 NP amino acid sequence differs at only six amino acids from avian consensus sequences, consistent with reassortment from an avian source shortly before 1918. However, the nucleotide sequence of the 1918 NP gene has more than 170 differences from avian strain consensus sequences, suggesting substantial evolutionary distance from known avian strain sequences. Both the gene and protein sequences of the 1918 NP fall within the mammalian clade upon phylogenetic analysis. The evolutionary distance of the 1918 NP sequences from avian and mammalian strain sequences is examined, using several different parameters. The results suggest that the 1918 strain did not retain the previously circulating human NP. Nor is it likely to have obtained its NP by reassortment with an avian strain similar to those now characterized. The results are consistent with the existence of a currently unknown host for influenza, with an NP similar to current avian strain NPs at the amino acid level but with many synonymous nucleotide differences, suggesting evolutionary isolation from the currently characterized avian influenza virus gene pool.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.