ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2004
The gut microbiota as an environmental factor that regulates fat storage.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 6 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 2,804 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Could Gut Microbiome Contribute to the Therapeutic Effect of Liraglutide 3.0 mg? A Randomized Double Blind Placebo Controlled Trial
Open the trial in the graphTreatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease With Probiotics and Prebiotics
Study on Dietary Nutrition Intervention Techniques for Children Obesity
Tolerability and Risk of Adverse Events With a Probiotic Supplement: A Randomised and Placebo Controlled Study in Healthy Individuals
Mechanisms Linking Dietary Fiber, the Microbiome and Satiety
An Open-Label, Pilot Clinical Trial To Test The Safety And Feasibility Of Intestinal Microbiota Transplantation In Patients With Chronic Heart Failure
Who cites it
2,804 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 6,132 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of Weight Loss Interventions on Gut Microbiota-Derived Metabolites Linked to Cardiometabolic Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2026Pooled it
- A Systematic Review to Reassess the Formula for Early Life Growth.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of probiotic/synbiotic supplementation for overweight or obese children: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Pediatric research · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The relationship between intestinal flora and androgen level, glucose and lipid metabolism, inflammatory response and reproductive hormones: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC endocrine disorders · 2026Pooled it
- Heart-Gut Axis in Cardiometabolic Disease: Microbiome-Mediated Pathways Linking Metabolic Syndrome to Cardiovascular Risk.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Pooled it
- Fecal microbiota transplantation in obesity: a comprehensive overview from basic research to clinical application.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Pooled it
- Knowledge mapping and bibliometric analysis of metabolic phenotypes in childhood and adolescent obesity: research hotspots and emerging trends from 2000 to 2026.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Gut microbiome-based interventions for the management of obesity in children and adolescents aged up to 19 years.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of prebiotics and phytochemicals on serum trimethylamine N-oxide reduction and gut microbiota: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of Wilac D001 (Journal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2026Trial
- Effect ofNutrients · 2026Trial
- Trial
- AA in Obesity and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD).Reviews of physiology, biochemistry and pharmacology · 2027Review
- Gut microbiota metabolic reprogramming drives the development of metabolic diseases in the host.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- The gut microbiome and mitochondrial function in metabolism, immunity, and disease.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- Dysregulated eating behaviour and microbiota-based interventions targeting eating disorders and food addiction.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- Gut microbes mediate the synergistic effects of dietary cholesterol and saturated fat in driving fibrosing MASH.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- Microbial shifts in early life: the pediatric gut microbiome and its role in health and disease.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- Colorectal cancer landscape from gut microbiota: Insights into mutations, epigenetic dysregulation, and immune microenvironment alterations.Virulence · 2026Review
2,744 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
New therapeutic targets for noncognitive reductions in energy intake, absorption, or storage are crucial given the worldwide epidemic of obesity. The gut microbial community (microbiota) is essential for processing dietary polysaccharides. We found that conventionalization of adult germ-free (GF) C57BL/6 mice with a normal microbiota harvested from the distal intestine (cecum) of conventionally raised animals produces a 60% increase in body fat content and insulin resistance within 14 days despite reduced food intake. Studies of GF and conventionalized mice revealed that the microbiota promotes absorption of monosaccharides from the gut lumen, with resulting induction of de novo hepatic lipogenesis. Fasting-induced adipocyte factor (Fiaf), a member of the angiopoietin-like family of proteins, is selectively suppressed in the intestinal epithelium of normal mice by conventionalization. Analysis of GF and conventionalized, normal and Fiaf knockout mice established that Fiaf is a circulating lipoprotein lipase inhibitor and that its suppression is essential for the microbiota-induced deposition of triglycerides in adipocytes. Studies of Rag1-/- animals indicate that these host responses do not require mature lymphocytes. Our findings suggest that the gut microbiota is an important environmental factor that affects energy harvest from the diet and energy storage in the host. Data deposition: The sequences reported in this paper have been deposited in the GenBank database (accession nos. AY 667702--AY 668946).
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.