ReviewEmerging infectious diseases2004
Dihydropteroate synthase gene mutations in Pneumocystis and sulfa resistance.
Review in Emerging infectious diseases, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 127 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prophylaxis for Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) in non-HIV immunocompromised patients.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2014Pooled it
- Environmental resistome of culturable gram-negative bacilli from the Yaque del Norte River: baseline genomic evidence for one health surveillance.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- An overview of the laboratory diagnosis ofJournal of clinical microbiology · 2025Review
- Analysis of Mutations inInfection and drug resistance · 2024Article
- Molecular Analysis of Dihydropteroate Synthase Gene Mutations inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Efficacy of Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole in Combination with an Echinocandin as a First-Line Treatment Option for Pneumocystis Pneumonia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Update on Dihydropteroate Synthase (DHPS) Mutations inJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Drug-Resistant Fungi: An Emerging Challenge Threatening Our Limited Antifungal Armamentarium.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Consensus Multilocus Sequence Typing Scheme forJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Trimethoprim and other nonclassical antifolates an excellent template for searching modifications of dihydrofolate reductase enzyme inhibitors.The Journal of antibiotics · 2020Review
- A New Age in Molecular Diagnostics for Invasive Fungal Disease: Are We Ready?Frontiers in microbiology · 2019Review
- Chloroquine Analogues as Leads against Pneumocystis Lung Pathogens.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2018Article
- Absence of dihydropteroate synthase gene mutations in Pneumocystis jirovecii strains isolated from Aegean region of Turkey.Parasitology research · 2018Article
- A quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP) model for Pneumocystis treatment in mice.BMC systems biology · 2018Article
- A Molecular Window into the Biology and Epidemiology of Pneumocystis spp.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2018Review
- Pathogenic Nocardia cyriacigeorgica and Nocardia nova Evolve To Resist Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole by both Expected and Unexpected Pathways.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2018Article
- Targeting species specific amino acid residues: Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 6-substituted pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines as dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors and potential anti-opportunistic infection agents.Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry · 2018Article
- [Research progress on genes mutations related to sulfa drug resistance inZhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences · 2017Review
- Immunization with Pneumocystis Cross-Reactive Antigen 1 (Pca1) Protects Mice against Pneumocystis Pneumonia and Generates Antibody to Pneumocystis jirovecii.Infection and immunity · 2017Article
- High Prevalence of Pneumocystis jirovecii Dihydropteroate Synthase Gene Mutations in Patients with a First Episode of Pneumocystis Pneumonia in Santiago, Chile, and Clinical Response to Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Therapy.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) remains a major cause of illness and death in HIV-infected persons. Sulfa drugs, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) and dapsone are mainstays of PCP treatment and prophylaxis. While prophylaxis has reduced the incidence of PCP, its use has raised concerns about development of resistant organisms. The inability to culture human Pneumocystis, Pneumocystis jirovecii, in a standardized culture system prevents routine susceptibility testing and detection of drug resistance. In other microorganisms, sulfa drug resistance has resulted from specific point mutations in the dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS) gene. Similar mutations have been observed in P. jirovecii. Studies have consistently demonstrated a significant association between the use of sulfa drugs for PCP prophylaxis and DHPS gene mutations. Whether these mutations confer resistance to TMP-SMX or dapsone plus trimethoprim for PCP treatment remains unclear. We review studies of DHPS mutations in P. jirovecii and summarize the evidence for resistance to sulfamethoxazole and dapsone.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.