ArticleJournal of athletic training2004
A Skinfold Model to Predict Fat-Free Mass in Female Athletes.
Article in Journal of athletic training, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Anthropometric-based predictive equations developed with multi-component models for estimating body composition in athletes.European journal of applied physiology · 2025Pooled it
- Higher prevalence of exercise-associated hyponatremia in female than in male open-water ultra-endurance swimmers: the 'Marathon-Swim' in Lake Zurich.European journal of applied physiology · 2012Trial
- Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs) and Body Composition.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Evaluating the Reliability and Validity of Predictive Anthropometric Equations for Estimating Fat Mass, Lean Mass and the Role of Maturity Offset in Lean Mass Prediction Within Professional, Academy Soccer Players from the United Kingdom.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Accuracy of anthropometric-based predictive equations for tracking fat mass over a competitive season in elite female soccer players: a validation study.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Predicting Body Fat Percentage from Anthropometric Measurements in Asian Athletes.Journal of science in sport and exercise · 2024Article
- Comparison of the Three-Site and Seven-Site Measurements in Female Collegiate Athletes Using BodyMetrix™.International journal of exercise science · 2021Article
- Body Composition Changes During a 24-h Winter Mountain Running Race Under Extremely Cold Conditions.Frontiers in physiology · 2019Article
- Anthropometric prediction of DXA-measured body composition in female team handball players.PeerJ · 2018Article
- Fluid Metabolism in Athletes Running Seven Marathons in Seven Consecutive Days.Frontiers in physiology · 2018Article
- Comparison of Techniques for Tracking Body Composition Changes across a Season in College Women Basketball Players.International journal of exercise science · 2018Article
- Changes in foot volume, body composition, and hydration status in male and female 24-hour ultra-mountain bikers.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2014Article
- Body mass index and percentage of body fat as indicators for obesity in an adolescent athletic population.Sports health · 2011Article
- Bone mineral density in collegiate female athletes: comparisons among sports.Journal of athletic trainingArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveDespite widespread use of skinfolds to estimate body fatness, few prediction models have been validated on female athletes. Most skinfold models have been validated with hydrodensitometry, which does not account for the variability in bone density that may exist among female athletes. Our purpose was to develop a skinfold model that predicts fat-free mass (FFM) in female collegiate athletes. DESIGN AND
settingA skinfold model was developed using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) as the criterion method. Four skinfold measures (abdominal, suprailiac, thigh, triceps), height, and weight were entered into a regression model. The best model was developed and validated by calculating the predicted error sum of squares statistic. SUBJECTS: Study participants included 101 National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I female athletes (age = 20.3 +/- 1.4 years, height = 166.7 +/- 7.8 cm, mass = 63.1 +/- 8.1 kg) from several sports. MEASUREMENTS: Each participant's FFM was measured via DEXA. Skinfold thicknesses were measured and entered into the regression model.
resultsThe final regression model included mass and abdominal and thigh skinfolds: FFM = 8.51 + (0.809 x mass) - (0.178 x abdominal skinfold) - (0.225 x thigh skinfold). The model showed excellent predictive ability (R = 0.98, standard error of the estimate = 1.1 kg). Pairwise comparisons indicated that prediction error showed no overprediction or underprediction bias.
conclusionsIn female collegiate athletes, FFM can be predicted accurately from body mass and abdominal and thigh skinfolds. This model is practical and can be used in most athletic settings.
Identifiers
15496996PMC522149W2290409445What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.