ReviewAnnals of the rheumatic diseases2004
Safety of antitumour necrosis factor (anti-TNF) therapy in patients with chronic viral infections: hepatitis C, hepatitis B, and HIV infection.
Review in Annals of the rheumatic diseases, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed.
- Immunomodulatory Therapy in Patients Living With HIV and Inflammatory Dermatoses: A Comprehensive Review of Current Protocols and Emerging Evidence.The Journal of clinical and aesthetic dermatology · 2026Article
- HCV Reactivation Risk in Patients Undergoing Treatment for Inflammatory Arthritis and Connective Tissue Diseases.Mediterranean journal of rheumatology · 2025Article
- Infections in psoriatic arthritis: association with treatment.Therapeutic advances in musculoskeletal disease · 2024Review
- Biological treatment usage in patients with HIV and rheumatic disease, 2003-2021: long-term safety and follow-up.RMD open · 2022Article
- Effect of sarcopenia and poor balance on vertebral spinal osteoporotic fracture in female rheumatoid arthritis.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Viral infections in inflammatory bowel disease: Tips and tricks for correct management.World journal of gastroenterology · 2021Review
- Review
- Infections in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis in the Era of Targeted Synthetic Therapies.Mediterranean journal of rheumatology · 2020Review
- Identification of rare HIV-1-infected patients with extreme CD4+ T cell decline despite ART-mediated viral suppression.JCI insight · 2019Article
- Reactivation rates in patients using biological agents, with resolved HBV infection or isolated anti-HBc IgG positivity.The Turkish journal of gastroenterology : the official journal of Turkish Society of Gastroenterology · 2018Article
- Tuberculosis and viral hepatitis infection in Eastern Europe, Asia, and Latin America: impact of tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitors in clinical practice.Biologics : targets & therapy · 2018Review
- Article
- Targeting TNF and TNF Receptor Pathway in HIV-1 Infection: from Immune Activation to Viral Reservoirs.Viruses · 2017Review
- Soybean-derived Bowman-Birk Inhibitor (BBI) Inhibits HIV Replication in Macrophages.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- TNFα Impairs Rhabdoviral Clearance by Inhibiting the Host Autophagic Antiviral Response.PLoS pathogens · 2016Article
- Sarcopenia in women with rheumatoid arthritis.European journal of rheumatology · 2015Article
- Hepatitis B and immunosuppressive therapies for chronic inflammatory diseases: When and how to apply prophylaxis, with a special focus on corticosteroid therapy.World journal of hepatology · 2015Review
- Preventing infective complications in inflammatory bowel disease.World journal of gastroenterology · 2014Review
- Exploring interaction of TNF and orthopoxviral CrmB protein by surface plasmon resonance and free energy calculation.Protein and peptide letters · 2014Article
- [Secondary immunodeficiency in rheumatological diseases].Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) is a pivotal cytokine in host defences with broad ranging effects on the innate and adaptive immune systems. Clinically, TNFalpha inhibitors have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in a wide range of autoimmune and inflammatory disorders but clearly at the cost of heightened susceptibility to a variety of infections in those treated with these agents. Most reports to date have described increased susceptibility to intracellular pathogens in patients with underlying chronic viral infections, but little in the way of adverse event reporting in these patients has occurred. While the reported experience to date is rather limited, TNFalpha inhibitors have displayed a reasonable safety profile in the setting of some chronic viral infections and in certain circumstances have demonstrated adjunctive activity in the treatment of these infections. Given the high prevalence of chronic viral infections in patients who are candidates for anti-TNF therapy and the potential for these agents in the treatment of chronic viral illness, additional studies are urgently needed to assess the risks and benefits of such therapy in these populations.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.