ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2004
Interaction between the GAGA factor and Mod(mdg4) proteins promotes insulator bypass in Drosophila.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers.
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46 citing papers in PubMed, 85 citations in OpenAlex.
- Differential chromatin looping regulated by two GA-binding transcription factors creates an X-specific chromatin environment for dosage compensation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Members of an array of zinc-finger proteins specify distinct Hox chromatin boundaries.Molecular cell · 2024Article
- Polycomb Recruiters Inside and Outside of the Repressed Domains.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Article
- Mod(mdg4) variants repress telomeric retrotransposon HeT-A by blocking subtelomeric enhancers.Nucleic acids research · 2022Article
- Expansive and Diverse Phenotypic Landscape of Field Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) Larvae with Differential Susceptibility to Temephos: Beyond Metabolic Detoxification.Journal of medical entomology · 2022Article
- Multi-Scale Organization of theGenes · 2021Review
- Cooperative binding between distant transcription factors is a hallmark of active enhancers.Molecular cell · 2021Article
- Article
- Chromatin Remodelers in the 3D Nuclear Compartment.Frontiers in genetics · 2020Review
- The roles of jim lovell and uninflatable in different endopolyploid larval tissues of Drosophila melanogaster.PloS one · 2020Article
- The zinc-finger protein CLAMP promotesJournal of cell science · 2019Article
- Selective interactions between diverse STEs organize the ANT-C Hox cluster.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Article
- Sex combs reduced (Scr) regulatory region of Drosophila revisited.Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG · 2017Article
- The human RIT2 core promoter short tandem repeat predominant allele is species-specific in length: a selective advantage for human evolution?Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG · 2017Article
- Stable Polycomb-dependent transgenerational inheritance of chromatin states in Drosophila.Nature genetics · 2017Article
- The GAGA factor regulatory network: Identification of GAGA factor associated proteins.PloS one · 2017Article
- Enhanced chromatin accessibility of the dosage compensated Drosophila male X-chromosome requires the CLAMP zinc finger protein.PloS one · 2017Article
- Chromatin boundary elements organize genomic architecture and developmental gene regulation in Drosophila Hox clusters.World journal of biological chemistry · 2016Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Chromatin insulators or boundaries are proposed to structure the chromatin fiber into functionally independent domains by promoting the formation of chromatin loops. These elements can block the communication between an enhancer and a gene when placed between them. Interestingly, it has been previously observed that two tandem copies of the Drosophila Su(Hw) insulator abolish this enhancer-blocking activity, presumably through pairing. This bypass effect has not been described with other insulators, however. In this report, we show that the insertion of binding sites for the GAGA factor (GAF) between an enhancer and the Su(Hw) insulator allows bypassing of the insulator. This bypass relies on the activity of both the GAF protein and the Mod(mdg4)-67.2 protein, a factor required for Su(Hw) insulator activity. We show that these two proteins interact in vitro and in vivo, providing molecular evidence of pairing between the GAF sites and the Su(Hw) insulator. Finally, we show that placing the Mcp boundary together with the Su(Hw) insulator between an enhancer and a promoter leads to bypass, again in a GAF- and Mod(mdg4)-dependent manner. Our data provide direct evidence that heterologous insulators can be bypassed by distal enhancers and identify the interaction between GAF and Mod(mdg4) as a possible means to regulate insulator activity.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.