ReviewGene therapy2004
Immune responses to gene therapy vectors: influence on vector function and effector mechanisms.
Review in Gene therapy, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 243 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
243 citing papers in PubMed, 624 citations in OpenAlex.
- Restoration of p53 function via hybrid strontium sulfite nanoparticles modified LNP improves the antitumor efficacy in breast cancers.Cancer gene therapy · 2026Article
- Recombinant adenoviruses application for cancer vaccines: from genetic design to clinical translation.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Phage therapy and its role in cancer treatment and control.Folia microbiologica · 2025Review
- Targeted and epigenetic therapies for acute myeloid leukemia treatment.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- Trends and challenges of AAV-delivered gene editing therapeutics for CNS disorders: Implications for neurodegenerative disease.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2025Review
- Role of Charge Density of Polycations in DNA Complexation and Condensation.Biomolecules · 2025Article
- MicroRNA in cancer therapy: breakthroughs and challenges in early clinical applications.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2025Review
- A humanized Gs-coupled DREADD for circuit and behavior modulation.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2025Article
- UKHCDO gene therapy taskforce: Guidance for implementation of haemophilia gene therapy into routine clinical practice for adults.Haemophilia : the official journal of the World Federation of Hemophilia · 2025Article
- Ultrasound-responsive nanocarriers with siRNA and FeJournal of nanobiotechnology · 2024Article
- Targeted gene delivery systems for T-cell engineering.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2024Review
- Evaluation of DNA minicircles for delivery of adenine and cytosine base editors using activatable gene on "GO" reporter imaging systems.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2024Article
- Senescence-targeted MicroRNA/Organoid composite hydrogel repair cartilage defect and prevention joint degeneration via improved chondrocyte homeostasis.Bioactive materials · 2024Article
- Precision in Action: The Role of Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/Cas in Gene Therapies.Vaccines · 2024Review
- Enhancing In Vivo Electroporation Efficiency through Hyaluronidase: Insights into Plasmid Distribution and Optimization Strategies.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Macromolecular Cargo Encapsulation via In Vitro Assembly of Two-Component Protein Nanoparticles.Advanced healthcare materials · 2024Article
- Gelatin methacryloyl granular scaffolds for localized mRNA delivery.Aggregate (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2024Article
- A New Generation of Gene Therapies as the Future of Wet AMD Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Viral Vector-Based Gene Therapy for Epilepsy: What Does the Future Hold?Molecular diagnosis & therapy · 2024Article
- Clinical applications of the CRISPR/Cas9 genome-editing system: Delivery options and challenges in precision medicine.Genes & diseases · 2024Review
183 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Circumventing the immune response to the vector is a major challenge with all vector types. Viral vectors are the most likely to induce an immune response, especially those, like adenovirus and AAV, which express immunogenic epitopes within the organism. The first immune response occurring after vector transfer emerges from the innate immune system, mainly consisting in a rapid (few hours) inflammatory cytokines and chemokines secretion around the administration site. This reaction is high with adenoviral vectors and almost null with AAV. It is noteworthy that plasmid DNA vectors, because of CpG stimulatory islets, also stimulate the innate immunity via the stimulation of TLR receptors on leukocytes. Specific immune response leading to antibodies production and T lymphocytes activation also occurs within a few days after vector introduction. Capsid antigens are mostly responsible for specific immunity toward adenoviruses, and are also involved in the response against AAV. In the former case only, however, viral gene-encoded proteins can also be immunogenic. The pre-existing humoral immunity coming from early infections with wild-type AAV or adenovirus can prevent efficient gene transfer with the corresponding vectors. In all cases, some parameters like route of administration, dose, or promoter type have been extensively described as critical factors influencing vector immunity. Strategies to fight against vector-induced immunity can come from the immunology field, since tolerance induction or immunosuppression are a possibility. Alterations to vector structure have also been extensively performed to circumvent the immune system and thus enhance gene transfer efficiency and safety.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.