ReviewJournal of clinical pathology2004
Mucosal immunology of vaccines against pathogenic nasopharyngeal bacteria.
Review in Journal of clinical pathology, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Inhalable epitope vaccine 1022-SpaA V3 establishes nasal mucosal fortress against zoonotic Streptococcus suis.BMC veterinary research · 2026Article
- A low-cost recombinant glycoconjugate vaccine confers immunogenicity and protection against enterotoxigenicFrontiers in molecular biosciences · 2023Article
- Article
- Bacterial Spectrum of Spontaneously Ruptured Otitis Media in a 7-Year, Longitudinal, Multicenter, Epidemiological Cross-Sectional Study in Germany.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Article
- IgA and FcαRI: Versatile Players in Homeostasis, Infection, and Autoimmunity.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2020Review
- Use of saliva to monitor meningococcal vaccine responses: proposing a threshold in saliva as surrogate of protection.BMC medical research methodology · 2019Article
- The relationship between mucosal immunity, nasopharyngeal carriage, asymptomatic transmission and the resurgence ofF1000Research · 2017Review
- The Pertussis resurgence: putting together the pieces of the puzzle.Tropical diseases, travel medicine and vaccines · 2016Review
- Clinical characteristics of children with lower respiratory tract infections are dependent on the carriage of specific pathogens in the nasopharynx.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2012Article
- Antibody in middle ear fluid of children originates predominantly from sera and nasopharyngeal secretions.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2012Article
- Intranasal vaccination with chitosan-DNA nanoparticles expressing pneumococcal surface antigen a protects mice against nasopharyngeal colonization by Streptococcus pneumoniae.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2011Article
- Meningococcal vaccines and herd immunity: lessons learned from serogroup C conjugate vaccination programs.Expert review of vaccines · 2009Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The introduction of Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccines during the 1990s was followed by dramatic decreases both in the incidence of Haemophilus influenzae type b related invasive disease and in nasopharyngeal carriage of the organism. The extent of this effect has been influenced by the fact that Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccines reduce nasopharyngeal carriage and induce herd immunity. Based on the success of Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccines, chemical conjugation has been applied to the development of pneumococcal and meningococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccines. Evidence has begun to accumulate that these new polysaccharide based conjugate vaccines can also reduce nasopharyngeal carriage and can induce immune responses at the local mucosal level, which may be responsible for these effects. This article reviews recent studies on mucosal immune responses induced by polysaccharide based vaccines and some protein vaccine antigens against several pathogenic nasopharyngeal bacteria, and discusses the mechanisms and functions of these immune responses that may help our understanding of mucosal immune responses to both immunisation and infection.
Indexed as
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.