Trial reportBMJ (Clinical research ed.)1992
Renal protective effect of enalapril in diabetic nephropathy.
Trial report in BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 1992. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 85 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
85 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 438 citations in OpenAlex.
- Guideline
- Active vitamin D treatment for reduction of residual proteinuria: a systematic review.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2013Pooled it
- 1999 Canadian recommendations for the management of hypertension. Task Force for the Development of the 1999 Canadian Recommendations for the Management of Hypertension.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 1999Guideline
- Effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers on cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes and overt nephropathy: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.Journal of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system : JRAASPooled it
- Impact of the preintervention rate of renal function decline on outcome of renoprotective intervention.Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN · 2008Trial
- Single dose and steady state pharmacokinetics of temocapril and temocaprilat in young and elderly hypertensive patients.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 1998Trial
- Economic evaluation of ACE inhibitor treatment of nephropathy in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Italy.PharmacoEconomics · 1997Trial
- Captopril reduces the risk of nephropathy in IDDM patients with microalbuminuria. The Microalbuminuria Captopril Study Group.Diabetologia · 1996Trial
- Randomised controlled trial of enalapril and beta blockers in non-diabetic chronic renal failure.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 1994Trial
- Captopril and atenolol are equally effective in retarding progression of diabetic nephropathy. Results of a 2-year prospective, randomized study.Diabetologia · 1994Trial
- Comparison of reduction in microalbuminuria by enalapril and hydrochlorothiazide in normotensive patients with insulin dependent diabetes.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 1993Trial
- Comparison of enalapril and nifedipine in treating non-insulin dependent diabetes associated with hypertension: one year analysis.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 1992Trial
- Metabolic syndrome and kidney dysfunction: emerging molecular and cellular mechanisms at the metabolic-renal interface.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Emerging roles of cannabinoid pathways in renal injury and repair.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Randomized Trial of Dapagliflozin in Patients With Nondiabetic Stage 4 CKD.Kidney international reports · 2025Article
- KDIGO 2024 clinical practice guideline on evaluation and management of chronic kidney disease: A primer on what pharmacists need to know.American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists · 2025Review
- The landscape of renal protein S-acylation in mice with lipid-induced nephrotoxicity.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Tight Blood Pressure Control in Chronic Kidney Disease.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2022Review
- Early Renoprotective Effect of Ruxolitinib in a Rat Model of Diabetic Nephropathy.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Renal haemodynamic and protective effects of renoactive drugs in type 2 diabetes: Interaction with SGLT2 inhibitors.Nephrology (Carlton, Vic.) · 2021Review
25 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo determine whether inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme can reduce the rate of decline in kidney function more than reducing blood pressure with other antihypertensive treatment.
designProspective, open randomised study lasting a mean of 2.2 years in patients with diabetic nephropathy.
settingThree outpatient nephrology clinics. PATIENTS: 40 patients with insulin dependent diabetes and diabetic nephropathy with reduced renal function.
interventionAntihypertensive treatment with enalapril or metoprolol, usually combined with frusemide.
main outcome measureRate of decline in glomerular filtration rate measured as chromium-51 edetic acid clearance.
resultsGlomerular filtration rate declined a mean of 2.0 (SD 3.2) ml/min/year in the group given enalapril and 5.6 (5.9) ml/min/year in the control group. The mean arterial blood pressure during the study was 102 (5) mm Hg in the patients given enalapril and 103 (5) mm Hg in the patients given metoprolol. Urinary albumin excretion during treatment with enalapril was 60% lower than during treatment with metoprolol.
conclusionsEnalapril has an antiproteinuric effect independent of the effect on systemic blood pressure. Treatment with enalapril can reduce the rate of decline in kidney function in patients with diabetic nephropathy more than equally effective antihypertensive treatment with metoprolol. This points to a specific renal protective effect of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in diabetic nephropathy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.