ArticleInfection and immunity2004
The B subunit of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin induces both caspase-dependent and -independent cell death pathways in CD8+ T cells.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Examination of Immunogenic Properties of Recombinant Antigens Based on p22 Protein from African Swine Fever Virus.Journal of veterinary research · 2022Article
- Gangliosides in T cell development and function of mice.Glycoconjugate journal · 2022Review
- Article
- Novel Therapeutic Approach for Inhibition of HIV-1 Using Cell-Penetrating Peptide and Bacterial Toxins.Journal of AIDS & clinical research · 2017Article
- Article
- The B subunit of Escherichia coli heat-labile toxin alters the development and antigen-presenting capacity of dendritic cells.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2015Article
- Review
- Cytolethal distending toxin induces caspase-dependent and -independent cell death in MOLT-4 cells.Infection and immunity · 2008Article
- Cholera toxin, LT-I, LT-IIa and LT-IIb: the critical role of ganglioside binding in immunomodulation by type I and type II heat-labile enterotoxins.Expert review of vaccines · 2007Review
- Apoptosis-inducing factor participation in bovine macrophage Mycobacterium bovis-induced caspase-independent cell death.Infection and immunity · 2007Article
- Uropathogenic Escherichia coli induces extrinsic and intrinsic cascades to initiate urothelial apoptosis.Infection and immunity · 2006Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The nontoxic B subunit of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (EtxB) is a potent immunomodulatory molecule that acts both as an adjuvant and to stimulate immune deviation processes, resulting in the suppression of Th1-associated inflammatory responses. The ability of EtxB to alter immune reactivity is dependent on its ability to modulate immune cell function through binding to cell surface molecules, the principal receptor of which is the ubiquitous GM1-ganglioside. EtxB activates B cells and antigen-presenting cells and induces the selective apoptosis of murine CD8+ T cells. We postulated that these effects are mediated by the induction of intracellular signaling pathways following EtxB-receptor interaction. We have previously shown that CD8+ T-cell apoptosis induced by EtxB results from the activation of the transcription factor NF-kappaB and caspases. Here we report that while caspase activity is required for apoptosis, additional features of cell death are caspase independent. EtxB induces a rapid loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and cell viability that are unaffected by caspase inhibitors. In addition, our data suggest that these processes are independent of the activity of Bax and Bcl-2 but are mediated by nitric oxide synthase.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.