ArticleInfection and immunity2004
Serum levels of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta), IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and IL-12(p70) in Malian children with severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria and matched uncomplicated malaria or healthy controls.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 264 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
264 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 439 citations in OpenAlex.
- Over-dispersion in malaria-schistosoma co-infection: insights from a meta-analytical approach and systematic review.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2026Pooled it
- Total antioxidant status levels in malaria: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Malaria journal · 2024Pooled it
- Elevation of serum interleukin-1β levels as a potential indicator for malarial infection and severe malaria: a meta-analysis.Malaria journal · 2022Pooled it
- Low Interleukin-12 Levels concerning Severe Malaria: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Increased interleukin-6 levels associated with malaria infection and disease severity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2022Pooled it
- Association of cerebral malaria and TNF-α levels: a systematic review.BMC infectious diseases · 2020Pooled it
- Cytokines Associated With Moderate and Severe Adverse Events During a Sporozoite Malaria Vaccine Trial With Controlled Human Malaria Infection.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Trial
- Genetic variants of TLR4, including the novel variant, rs5030719, and related genes are associated with susceptibility to clinical malaria in African children.Malaria journal · 2023Trial
- Peripheral Blood Inflammatory Cytokine Factors Expressions are Associated with Response to Acupuncture Therapy in Postpartum Depression Patients.Journal of inflammation research · 2023Trial
- Risk factors for acute kidney injury at presentation among children with CNS malaria: a case control study.Malaria journal · 2022Trial
- Controlled Human Malaria Infection Leads to Long-Lasting Changes in Innate and Innate-like Lymphocyte Populations.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2017Trial
- Exposure-dependent control of malaria-induced inflammation in children.PLoS pathogens · 2014Trial
- Article
- Autoreactive and parasite-specific IgG repertoires in asymptomatic and mild Plasmodium falciparum infection in Côte d'Ivoire.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Hidden hematological, biochemical and immune costs of asymptomatic malaria infections in semi-wild chimpanzees.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Interferon-γ and Interleukin-10 Profiles Correlate with Disease Severity in Sudanese Children withJournal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Systemic inflammation and malaria co-infection in irritable bowel syndrome: a cross-sectional study of 142 Yemeni patients.BMJ open · 2026Observational
- Assessment of Long-Term Sequelae After Severe Malaria: A Retrospective Study.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Expression of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 in the brain of fatal cerebral malaria.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Rituximab is associated with an increased risk of malaria among adult lymphoma patients in Malawi: a prospective observational cohort.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Article
204 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Inflammatory cytokines play an important role in human immune responses to malarial disease. However, the role of these mediators in disease pathogenesis, and the relationship between host protection and injury remains unclear. A total of 248 cases of severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria among children aged 3 months to 14 years residing in Bandiagara, Mali, were matched to cases of uncomplicated malaria and healthy controls. Using modified World Health Organization criteria for defining severe malaria, we identified 100 cases of cerebral malaria (coma, seizure, and obtundation), 17 cases of severe anemia (hemoglobin, <5 g/dl), 18 cases combined cerebral malaria with severe anemia, and 92 cases with hyperparasitemia (asexual trophozoites, >500,000/mm3). Significantly elevated levels (given as geometric mean concentrations in picograms/milliliter) of interleukin-6 (IL-6; 485.2 versus 54.1; P = <0.001), IL-10 (1,099.3 versus 14.1; P = <0.001), tumor necrosis factor alpha (10.1 versus 7.7; P = <0.001), and IL-12(p70) (48.9 versus 31.3; P = 0.004) in serum were found in severe cases versus healthy controls. Significantly elevated levels of IL-6 (485.2 versus 141.0; P = <0.001) and IL-10 (1,099.3 versus 133.9; P = <0.001) were seen in severe malaria cases versus uncomplicated malaria controls. Cerebral malaria was associated with significantly elevated levels of IL-6 (754.5 versus 311.4; P = <0.001) and IL-10 (1,405.6 versus 868.6; P = 0.006) compared to severe malaria cases without cerebral manifestations. Conversely, lower levels of IL-6 (199.2 versus 487.6; P = 0.03) and IL-10 (391.1 versus 1,160.9; P = 0.002) were noted in children with severe anemia compared to severe malaria cases with hemoglobin at >5 g/dl. Hyperparasitemia was associated with significantly lower levels of IL-6 (336.6 versus 602.1; P = 0.002). These results illustrate the complex relationships between inflammatory cytokines and disease in P. falciparum malaria.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.