ArticleJournal of bacteriology2004
Mutational analysis of Xanthomonas harpin HpaG identifies a key functional region that elicits the hypersensitive response in nonhost plants.
Article in Journal of bacteriology, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Harpin-Induced Hypersensitive Reaction in Nicotiana tabacum Requires Wall-Associated Kinase 2.Molecular plant pathology · 2025Article
- Prunus dulcis response to novel defense elicitor peptides and control of Xylella fastidiosa infections.Plant cell reports · 2024Article
- Characteristics, Roles and Applications of Proteinaceous Elicitors from Pathogens in Plant Immunity.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- The stability of the coiled-coil structure near to N-terminus influence the heat resistance of harpin proteins from Xanthomonas.BMC microbiology · 2020Article
- Biological Functions of Prokaryotic Amyloids in Interspecies Interactions: Facts and Assumptions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Functional characterization of a putative DNA methyltransferase, EadM, in Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines by proteomic and phenotypic analyses.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Article
- The TAL Effector AvrBs3 fromFrontiers in microbiology · 2017Article
- The signal peptide-like segment of hpaXm is required for its association to the cell wall in transgenic tobacco plants.PloS one · 2017Article
- Constitutive expression of a novel antimicrobial protein, Hcm1, confers resistance to both Verticillium and Fusarium wilts in cotton.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Crystal Structure Analysis and the Identification of Distinctive Functional Regions of the Protein Elicitor Mohrip2.Frontiers in plant science · 2016Article
- Ectopically expressed sweet pepper ferredoxin PFLP enhances disease resistance to Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum affected by harpin and protease-mediated hypersensitive response in Arabidopsis.Molecular plant pathology · 2014Article
- Fold modulating function: bacterial toxins to functional amyloids.Frontiers in microbiology · 2014Review
- Article
- Activation of Defense Mechanisms against Pathogens in Mosses and Flowering Plants.International journal of molecular sciences · 2013Article
- Contribution of a harpin protein from Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri to pathogen virulence.Molecular plant pathology · 2012Article
- Article
- Article
- Functional mapping of harpin HrpZ of Pseudomonas syringae reveals the sites responsible for protein oligomerization, lipid interactions and plant defence induction.Molecular plant pathology · 2011Article
- PopW of Ralstonia solanacearum, a new two-domain harpin targeting the plant cell wall.Molecular plant pathology · 2010Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
HpaG is a type III-secreted elicitor protein of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines. We have determined the critical amino acid residues important for hypersensitive response (HR) elicitation by random and site-directed mutagenesis of HpaG and its homolog XopA. A plasmid clone carrying hpaG was mutagenized by site-directed mutagenesis, hydroxylamine mutagenesis, and error-prone PCR. A total of 52 mutants were obtained, including 51 single missense mutants and 1 double missense mutant. The HR elicitation activity was abolished in the two missense mutants [HpaG(L50P) and HpaG(L43P/L50P)]. Seven single missense mutants showed reduced activity, and the HR elicitation activity of the rest of the mutants was similar to that of wild-type HpaG. Mutational and deletion analyses narrowed the region essential for elicitor activity to the 23-amino-acid peptide (H2N-NQGISEKQLDQLLTQLIMALLQQ-COOH). A synthetic peptide of this sequence possessed HR elicitor activity at the same concentration as the HpaG protein. This region has 78 and 74% homology with 23- and 27-amino-acid regions of the HrpW harpin domains, respectively, from Pseudomonas and Erwinia spp. The secondary structure of the peptide is predicted to be an alpha-helix, as is the HrpW region that is homologous to HpaG. The predicted alpha-helix of HpaG is probably critical for the elicitation of the HR in tobacco plants. In addition, mutagenesis of a xopA gene yielded two gain-of-function mutants: XopA(F48L) and XopA(F48L/M52L). These results indicate that the 12 amino acid residues between L39 and L50 of HpaG have critical roles in HR elicitation in tobacco plants.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.