ArticleThorax2004
Epithelial inducible nitric oxide synthase activity is the major determinant of nitric oxide concentration in exhaled breath.
Article in Thorax, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04885738 (The Value of Exhaled Nitric Oxide in Predicting Airway Eosinophilic Inflammation in Chronic Airway Inflammatory Disease), which is not on this map. Cited by 87 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Value of Exhaled Nitric Oxide in Predicting Airway Eosinophilic Inflammation in Chronic Airway Inflammatory Disease
Who cites it
87 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 255 citations in OpenAlex.
- An official ATS clinical practice guideline: interpretation of exhaled nitric oxide levels (FENO) for clinical applications.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2011Guideline
- Effect of Creatine Supplementation on the Airways of Youth Elite Soccer Players.Medicine and science in sports and exercise · 2019Trial
- L-arginine reverses cigarette-induced reduction of fractional exhaled nitric oxide in asthmatic smokers.Inflammopharmacology · 2010Trial
- IgE sensitisation in relation to flow-independent nitric oxide exchange parameters.Respiratory research · 2006Trial
- The use of non-bronchoscopic brushings to study the paediatric airway.Respiratory research · 2005Trial
- Association between blood metabolites and chronic respiratory diseases: A Mendelian randomization study.Medicine · 2026Article
- The involvement of Th17 inflammation and miR-363-3p in airway epithelial barrier dysfunction.Respiratory research · 2026Article
- Species-specific iNOS expression distinguishes epithelial and myeloid IFNγ responses in tuberculosis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Circular RNA hsa_circ_0099188 regulates inducible nitric oxide synthase and chemokine transcription in macrophages by targeting the hsa-miR-381-3p/PPP3CA and hsa-miR-381-3p/KLF4 pathways in response to 4,4'-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate-glutathione conjugate exposure.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2025Article
- Association between oxidative balance score and lung function and FeNO and mortality in the US population.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2025Article
- Investigation of lactotransferrin messenger RNA expression levels as an anti-type 2 asthma biomarker.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2024Article
- The Complex Intracellular Lifecycle ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Endogenous Nitric Oxide Can Enhance Oxidative Stress Caused by Air Pollutants and Explain Higher Susceptibility of Individuals with Inflammatory Disorders.Environmental science & technology · 2024Article
- Analysis of the correlation between serum Klotho and FeNO: a cross-sectional study from NHANES (2007-2012).BMC pulmonary medicine · 2024Article
- Value of Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide in Diagnosing Mild Asthma Responsive to Inhaled Corticosteroids.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Update on the Role of FeNO in Asthma Management.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Distribution of type 2 biomarkers and association with severity, clinical characteristics and comorbidities in the BREATHE real-life asthma population.ERJ open research · 2023Article
- Oral inflammation and exhaled nitric oxide fraction: a cross-sectional study.ERJ open research · 2023Article
- Low CC16 mRNA Expression Levels in Bronchial Epithelial Cells Are Associated with Asthma Severity.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2023Article
- Can the Chinese study on the normal range of FeNO in children evaluate standardized asthma treatment efficacy in 6- to 12-year-old children?Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Article
27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe fractional concentration of nitric oxide (NO) in exhaled breath (FeNO) is increased in asthma. There is a general assumption that NO synthase (NOS) 2 in epithelium is the main source of NO in exhaled breath. However, there is no direct evidence to support the assumption and data from animal models suggest that non-inducible NOS systems have important roles in determining airway reactivity, regulating inflammation, and might contribute significantly to NO measured in exhaled breath.
methodsBronchial epithelial cells were obtained from healthy, atopic, and asthmatic children by non-bronchoscopic brushing. Exhaled NO (FeNO) was measured directly using a fast response chemiluminescence NO analyser. RNA was extracted from the epithelial cells and real time polymerase chain reaction was used to determine the expression of NOS isoenzymes. NOS2 was examined in macrophages and epithelial cells by immunohistochemistry.
resultsNOS1 mRNA was not detectable. NOS3 mRNA was detected in 36 of 43 samples at lower levels than NOS2 mRNA which was detectable in all samples. The median FeNO was 15.5 ppb (95% CI 10 to 18.1). There was a significant correlation between FeNO and NOS2 expression (R = 0.672, p<0.001). All epithelial cells exhibited NOS2 staining, whereas staining in the macrophages was variable and not related to phenotype.
conclusionsOnly NOS2 expression was associated with FeNO in respiratory epithelial cells obtained from children (R = 0.672; p<0.001). This suggests that FeNO variability is largely determined by epithelial NOS2 expression with little contribution from other isoforms.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.