ArticleJournal of virology2004
Long-term persistence of infection in chimpanzees inoculated with an infectious hepatitis C virus clone is associated with a decrease in the viral amino acid substitution rate and low levels of heterogeneity.
Article in Journal of virology, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Marmosets as models of infectious diseases.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Review
- T-Cell Immunity against the Hepatitis C Virus: A Persistent Research Priority in an Era of Highly Effective Therapy.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2021Review
- Evolutionary biology of human hepatitis viruses.Journal of hepatology · 2019Review
- Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses in Chronic HCV Infection.Current drug targets · 2017Review
- Review
- T cell responses in hepatitis C virus infection: historical overview and goals for future research.Antiviral research · 2015Review
- Mutational escape of CD8+ T cell epitopes: implications for prevention and therapy of persistent hepatitis virus infections.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2015Review
- Immune control and failure in HCV infection--tipping the balance.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2014Review
- Unexpected structural features of the hepatitis C virus envelope protein 2 ectodomain.Journal of virology · 2014Review
- Virus-related liver cirrhosis: molecular basis and therapeutic options.World journal of gastroenterology · 2014Review
- Evolution of a cell culture-derived genotype 1a hepatitis C virus (H77S.2) during persistent infection with chronic hepatitis in a chimpanzee.Journal of virology · 2014Article
- Contribution of a mutational bias in hepatitis C virus replication to the genetic barrier in the development of drug resistance.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2011Article
- Review
- Transmission of clonal hepatitis C virus genomes reveals the dominant but transitory role of CD8⁺ T cells in early viral evolution.Journal of virology · 2011Article
- The natural history of early hepatitis C virus evolution; lessons from a global outbreak in human immunodeficiency virus-1-infected individuals.The Journal of general virology · 2011Review
- Hypervariable region 1 differentially impacts viability of hepatitis C virus strains of genotypes 1 to 6 and impairs virus neutralization.Journal of virology · 2011Article
- Long-Term Persistent GBV-B Infection and Development of a Chronic and Progressive Hepatitis C-Like Disease in Marmosets.Frontiers in microbiology · 2011Article
- Challenge pools of hepatitis C virus genotypes 1-6 prototype strains: replication fitness and pathogenicity in chimpanzees and human liver-chimeric mouse models.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2010Article
- Molecular evolution of GB virus B hepatitis virus during acute resolving and persistent infections in experimentally infected tamarins.The Journal of general virology · 2010Article
- Adaptive immunity to the hepatitis C virus.Advances in virus research · 2010Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Two chimpanzees, 1535 and 1536, became persistently infected following inoculation with RNA transcripts from cDNA clones of hepatitis C virus (HCV). Analysis of the HCV genomes from both animals showed an accumulation of amino acid substitutions over time. The appearance of substitutions in the envelope genes was associated with increased antienvelope antibody titers. However, extensive mutations were not incorporated into hypervariable region 1 (HVR1). A comparison of the nonsynonymous substitution rate/synonymous substitution rate was made at various time points to analyze selective pressure. The highest level of selective pressure occurred during the acute phase and decreased as the infection continued. The nonsynonymous substitution rate was initially higher than the synonymous substitution rate but decreased over time from 3.3 x 10(-3) (chimpanzee 1535) and 3.2 x 10(-3) (chimpanzee 1536) substitutions/site/year at week 26 to 1.4 x 10(-3) (chimpanzee 1535) and 1.7 x 10(-3) (chimpanzee 1536) at week 216, while the synonymous substitution rate remained steady at approximately 1 x 10(-3) substitutions/site/year. Analysis of PCR products using single-stranded conformational polymorphism indicated a low level of heterogeneity in the viral genome. The results of these studies confirm that the persistence of infection is not solely due to changes in HVR1 or heterogeneity and that the majority of variants observed in natural infections could not arise simply through mutation during the time period most humans and chimpanzees are observed. These data also indicate that immune pressure and selection continue throughout the chronic phase.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.